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Transcriptie

1 ! "#$ %&'"%()("$%(* "!!"# $%&'(% ")**+ "#",-!#./ 0""!$"#,1"0"23/-4",-!230 5#../-""/

2 ,67 (' +, - "%*('#&'"%()("% ' 897.7:*6*667 :*6*67 *677 ;7<6 "7)*677< < 6**7*677<.,- % '("% '(' "*6 =6 < > -*7 -*<6 0<67 %!<7= /! 0 01 (2*'#&'"%()("% ' 7?<<<6?*677<<<6 % 5 7<6 %?<** 7:*6*67 % <6 %.*6* % ;<6 % 3*6< % 2*6@ %% 6 *<6 %%!<*<6= 7:*6 %% ; < %% ;

3 %, <6 %-<6** <!"#!"$ 32*'#&'"%()("% ' ,+67

4 , 0< 6 < *6 7 *6 7 << 7 7:*6*6 * < << << 7 0< *7* 6 7* *67 6-A==*@B=?463>*6 ** 7= 6@ *6 < 6 ; 6 < 6 6= <=67:*6*6<4<< 6 <<<<*6 "<76=*676-7<- 6*6*6-6 <7 7<7; C 6 6- *6 6 *6 6 < << 67 << 7< ==*@ < *6< 0 7:*6* *6 6-6 **6* < 7 <6 *=6 < 7:*6*67, *6 5 7 < 6? << 6 5 << D& %. 6 *7 * <3*6 6 *6<6<6=EF 7<6EF %

5 - :*6*6 7 < 6 89%2 5"7!:"7:6=997 7:*6*67 <89766 <7 7:*6*6 7 < 4 7:*6* * < 5 =.<<77:*6*67 1< =<<)==77 < = 5 **= ;0 E; :*6*6 DD% 7-7 7:*6*6<6E%7F7:*6*6= <6 E..2F E%GH 7F- EC FEC F7:*6EC F 7*6 > 0< 06 E>00F E*= DF < < 6 7:*6*6 7 <7 7 = 7 * - < EC F <EC 6=<< <F EC F EC F 7EHC F :*6 < C 6*@ : 2;3)3))*2 47:*6*6676*677< *(- < 7:*6* = *7 7* *6776<7*= :*6*6 7 <7<-==**6<6*6 7= 5 6= & 6 7:*6*6 7 ;<77< 66=:<< 67:*6*7 5*6*E>.?F 7:*6* = * * E * 3>;?I 5-. * 6*677.=6<< 7 < 7*

6 67 * < 6 7:*6*6 <6..2I=797:*6J=7:*667-75< 66 <6-< 77*6?<<7<*6 66 * 7< :*6*6 7 5 < *6 *6 ) H >00 < %G*67<-7*@ %*677<3<&67:*6*6<6 <7*6 ;3)3)2 % ( ( 3)22# 36*6776=*664< 7:7@<6 <<@C 663<5 6<466 *67 6 = 7*, 7 *6 *7( ) 6 & 6 EF *6 *<66< K 3<7)66?<7<** 7<-*6< << < 6 < 7 * <" 7<7 *6 < < =( *6< 6 *6=6<, *6 7* - 6 < *6= 7 - < *6 6. LI = 6 < 77:*6*6<-77*66< (7<<<< 6*6-7< < = ** 6= =7 * 7 3 =7<7*<;6 < &*6 *< **@

7 < < <?6 ** <=**<6 3<6 <**.<*6)7 < *6 7 <? < 7 7? 6 6 M& / -*& *7 76 < ; 6 *6 * GH H5 <7*65 0*65H H -7*<0 7 *6 6 = * <6 6!*66 &7HC <7<67 H&7 = C < 4 H&7 6 &7- < 7* 7<6<< 3< <7*< *6< 0 * 6 =, G G%%HDDGD, *6 7 6 *; < &7 6 < ; 7*7 < 7 *6 < - * **6 =*6 << "7<)A< 7 B <) 7 6 -LI<77:*6*6<<76 << 7:*6*6 <. 7 <<< *6 < #2('#&'"%()("% ' 4*6 * :*6*6 7@ 0< *6= < * < <6,<6*6 7 G

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

9 -7<7:*6*6*< < 7:*67* << 7:*667 6 <" 6 *677< - *6 7:*6*6 - <*6 < 6 *6&7:*6*6 < 4 < <4= (7*6777*6 <<7:*6*6-7) < =* <6 77@*6 7466*6777:*6 " < 7 6:@ 7= 777:*6*67-7DG > 0< 06 6 DG < 7 <6*67<7:*6*67@ - == * 7:*6*6 7:*6*6 7 *6-7:*6* 6 7:*6* < 6 *6&7:*6*6 < 6 7 < 67 ;*7 7*6*6*677<7:*6*6 *6 < 6-< < 77:*6*67 *677, < :*6*6.=. 2<6 < 7@ 6L*6<!6 =< <66 <6 6= 6 7* 7 6 <6- < *6= 6 = 7@ -7@<<7:*6*6 7*,DHD* L0I 4 *6 < <7A*B<7A*B :*6*67@ 6*766. < 7 77 < <<< < L0I 6 DD DDD 5 < = *677- L6I < = 7:*6*6 <6 7*6 * ( *67:*6*66 D

10 !< *6 * < 6 * 7= < 67*67:*6*6<6..2&,2,5&* >00 5$ *6 * < :*6*6 <6 77* * - ==* * <6=<<< 6!776" < ** O* < =7) < 7*=<7)(* =*67:*676*7 <7:*6*67 - = > 0< 06& H% >00 E= H 6 >00F& 6 * 7 < 6HDDD, < 7* * 7:*6*6 6-7* * < *6-77@*6*6 7@ - *6 ) < < *6 7 = 6 7@ *6 7<=<*6 - *6 ( *6& < *7 < *6 7:*6* 6 ( #2= 3)22#&'("% ' - *6 *677 *6 < 6= 77:*6*67.=<6LI 67 3<6 *6 7:*6*67 =/ 7 7 = < <<! <=7<! 7 << 67<*/ 7 < < 7*7 7<*(* "*=67:*6*6<5< 6 =*@ <*6 *6 67< < *6*6 <*@ = 7:*6*6 7@ <6 < <<<

11 5*677< < 6 <<*677< 77:*6* < -*677 6 < 7 2 &* 7 7 7:*6*67 < 5*677< *7 7< - *677< < 6 7)7*O< 77 << **7 < 6 4 *6 < 7 7I =7 *6 -*66*676, < = *67 6 *677< < 6 < < 6?**7A<BA**B -< **<< G 6 *P == <6 %&''('&)* '+,-*..... '/0.'12'13# /+,-* 6. '/0.'12 '13 #..'+. 5 (/& 7 8. ".. & 9 & (1&78('(/&9..

12 ('.. & %&'2:& 7 8. ;. &,%70*677<<< 7*<<77*<=7 7@ *6*6 *7( 7 <- 77* < 7 6 7@ - *@ *677 O < *677< : " *677< : * *@ 7<*67=*P6 *@ < =6 <76A77*B *@ 3< ( 6 << <<7(7<<6 - < : << 67<76*@ 7 6 " < * 6 E N 6N@6F 6*@= 7*@ < <<< /< 7*@ * < 7-=6= < 6 E002F 7*6 *6 002&7I ** < - 67*67*G7< 002& <= 7,2,5&=*, 7* *6 7*@&=* 6 7 * 7 7@ *7( 7:*6*6 7 <-67*67*E)GHF*6*67 =7) <*66 (7<< -767*67* 6 -*6766<-7*7=7 6 < 4 ** 67I<** <

13 &'#)3%32 3)22#&' 5*677<*6*67:*6* < 7< L=I LI * < 7 7< *66 7< 7< *@ < 6 4 7< * < 7:*6*6 7@ < < 7:*6*67@ =***7*6< :*6* *6 6 6*6<<66=*6 7:*6*6 7 7 :*6*6 7 < < 7 *6, 6= 6*6*A<B7*6*6 <7:*6*67,<<6<<< < 6 =* - < 7:*6*67 <-7:*6*6<<< 6 ** 6 A 6 6 ** B? 6 7:*6*6 7 < 3< 7 6 < * <6 6*6<= < *677< < 6 6 7:*6*67 <6N 7 7:*6*6 6 N 7 < 7 << *= * - 6= &* == 7:*6*6 7 < 6 =7** 76*7-6 < 7 E(&F 7:*6*6 7@ 6 **< *6 ;7@77:*6*6<6 7@ < 67 6 < = * < = 6 <6 < 6 *67727 LI<6 - *677< < - <7 *6 =- & < 6 2 Q < * = <

14 -*677<*767<7 6 <6 4 < 6 7* *677< 7 7 *6-67 <6<6***@"<** *6 *677< $ < *@ = 7<76<6,- 6 *6 6 *&**6 << 5 6 *6 6 *677<,6 *66 <6 %

15 E<F 6 H DH = 6 *677 =* < = 6- =* < = 6 <6 7 =* 7:*6*6 = 6 <6 E..2F 6 7:*6*6 <6 E2F 6 7:*6*6 6 E5$F 6 = *6 E,?F 7= < 6- = * <6 E,2,5F =* 6 7 == <6K 5 6,2,5<6 5$I -0*677 7<7*7 = - 0*677 < < = = 65< - 0*677 (*= 7 6 *6 < =**<6E>00F 5 O 7 < = < 6 < 0*6770=67*<<=,/3%) (% < *6 < 6- H DH 6 < 6 *6 )6: =**676 6<<7*? < <<EF : *6< *6 *6 6 <6 7* 7 7I *7 9 < < ; < - *6 7 <=*7*67@, 6 *6 99 = 6 *6< < 7 7 *

16 7=*5 <6 <, *6 **6 0*677*6767,7<<6= 5 6 * = <=<-<7 <** 6 *677< < * % < < < 6 6 7< 6 6 = *7 7 = ** < 3 6 = 6 *6 6 6 < 6 7 < 7****67**6./ >'"%()(% ( (: & * :*6*6 67 <*67 6*6< 6 J= <3 < *6 *6 < < * 6= 7 * < <E7F*7E*7F 7 :7 < <J EO* 7F.*6 = = = 6 < 5 0* < < 6 *6< )7 <O*7-6*= < = 6)A667 < 66 < <*6B- <6 32&$3%)%( *'2 7<7* 6 67*6% < * *6 < 6 =:< 67 < 7:*6*6 J= 7:*6*6 7 " 6 * *6J 7 7:*6*6 7-7 <*7(=* 7 6" < 7 6 <

17 *6 < 5<< 677*=<7& <* E < F 7 E =< F-<< *677< 6< *& E* 7 < F 7 E =67KF. = *6 < *6,6 *6N 7< >00 *6 * * *6<7< = * 5.*6& 7 E5.-F- 5.- <7 6 5 <*67:*6**<<56& 77*=5 <66 <<6*6"7 5.-&< =<< = --=&<7 -- < = 7 7* 67 1< -- < = < < 7 *6 < = 7 6 * < = &=677I 6 * *7=77 / < 67 7< < <7<E >00F5-7<<76 = *6 *677< * E < <*6 =<6>.?&3>;?&<*=9 7F6 *6 < 7 < 6 < < - = < < * = 5 667<<L6I* >.3 == 6 7= *6& 7 7 ( *6 *6 <,H<G=<6 )GH DD- =7% 6< %? =*= 7 DDD N H << =* =*= 7 G,H*6 < G

18 G EGH O* H < H GF, G 6 O* 4 5 *6 6 *67 "7 6 O**=45O**= *6<66" &3< '<< 6 6" &/- 6 5 << * /?6 6*=56) A= = HC 7*6B3=* 6 32*?3(2 7=@ ) 6 < <6 7=<6<< =*7 &. O* *6 6* 6 7:*6*6 7 *7 6 7 ) % ( ( '#& '"%()((%&'EF, R'6=R*7 <*7-*7 6 <6*66 7< 7:*6*67 =6$**77 *6-*7776<< 6 *6 ; * <=*99=*677 4 **7 77 *& << *677 " -*77*= D; 7 *6 < * 4 ** < < 6 = 6 7 < - *6)<<*6 < 7 <*6 < - 7< 7 < 7 6 <62<*=7<7675< < <7<7=7*=<<*6 4 <,=D67*A7**66 <6 7**6B47**6 7<6*6 *6* 7:*6*67 *6 ;6*66 *6*6-5*6<6 7*6;<7 H

19 *6 7 *6-7 < < 5 *6 <7=*6<&7*7 K!*6 < 6 *6 /*6*3<>#I*6 56 *6 7="*6< 77<<6 <<4 < *6 < *6*7 < < * 6 7< *6 O 6 E < < 6 <7F#<*6* <<6 <6-6 7 :7 7 O*; *6 <7 << #303I 6 7:*6*J *6 - = 7) 6 *@ 6 * 6< * *6 *6 6 *647*77 &, ) % ( ('( 2'"% '$ < 6* 7 =E >2F = <!G=G7G%7 < 4 >2 < = < ) D 7 * *7=< /<*77=7<*6 < = < 67 = ) $&36 <& = 6 = &,% ( : ((&*(')(2 %>%)*2 6*O**6 < O*7<>00O*7 6 & 6< 7 7@ < < 6= = = O*76*="(7 * O** 6 (7* 7< <. 7 7= < 6 < 7O*567 *6< 76- *6 <)6 "& 4 < < * D

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

21 7 * :*6*6 * < 7-7O* < < 7=47* < 7*6 *I77O*776 <6*6<)67:*6*77@ E,"3F37 < 7<65, <6 5,"3 <6 <<6 47*=<<< <7 E6F..2&7:*6*6<6>00 ; 6,"3 < 6 =< 7*6 7 7 = < 5 < O*7 -H771 *6 < 6 6 * ; 6= O*7 99 = * < 776=77<C 6=7:*6*6 <*6 7:*6*6 7 = C 6= 7 CC6=7 / 7=HC )6= 997@7 :*6 6 *6= 7 *6 6 * 7 = $ C 7@ 7:*6*6=3<=* 7 6 * 7 7:*6 6 * 7 = = < << 7:*6 =, 6 7* * < 7:*6<4 7>00 7:*6*6 <6 7* 7:*6*6 6 4 <<7 = <<6 < 37 = *=5)4?#&4.7 ;>$ E;=& * 67:F * 767 7@ *6< = *64<60 H < ==6 ;>$ 7 < 7-6<7,*77@ ;>$6 GC ,7;>$*66 C < < ;>$ -< ;>$ 7 <

22 ==*6=7*6<<7< 67 7*=*O*) 7:7 *6<7:*6*6 7< EF77 76 *6*66 <,<<7:*6*6E3F *77:*6*6 *677<< << GC <7:*6*67 =7:*6*6 <<-<677 7=< 75*6 <==*= < << 7 7:*6*6 7 = 4 2 6= 6 ==* 5 4 7*< 6 7=67 << 6< *6 < *7 = 4 7* 7 3< < = 6 3 < 6 3&5 6= <<< << E<77 F << < < 67 <<6==- =7:*6* < 67 *6<< = 6* tot 45% van de holebi's heeft tijdens het opgroeien gedachten van zelfdoding. 12,4% van de homojongens onderneemt effectief een poging tot zelfdoding. Tegenover 5,9% bij heterojongens, is dat meer dan het dubbele. Bij lesbische meisjes ligt dat cijfer zelfs vijf maal zo hoog: 25% tegenover 5,4% van de heteromeisjes. In het project werden pakketten voor deskundigheidsbevordering van hulpverleners samengesteld, gericht op de problematiek van homoseksuelen en lesbiennes in relatie tot depressie en zelfdoding. Daarnaast zijn ook vormingen voor suïcidepreventie aangeboden aan holebihulpdiensten. / = 7 * 7 O* *6<<4 5 <7 HC 7-5 6?<7 5$ 6 5 & 6= <7 *P-<7 67>00 <7* -?<75 < = =$<7* 6 <7*6<

23 565*7O*77*6 4=< 0 <7 *= 6 7 **P-*<7 < #303IEO*7<F>007=< *7 O*7 7 *677< < *6 *6== O*- 6 =< 7 =7 < =*6 = 6 * O*7 < 6 "<67<6< =**6O**=5<"7 = 4 < * 4 < <*<< 2 <7=<* E'<</@-F6< << = O**= *6< 6 *= *6<< "7 & *7* 4 O* < =Q < 7:*6*6? < 7:*667 O**= < 5 <*6@67 - / < 67 < 7* < 6-<<677:*6* 7:*6*6@7 0/@* "% ' > < 4 >.?< E>.?F>#E>#F <* 2<<<67 * < 6 = 7:*6 7:*6&7:*667, *67:*6*6<6 7:*6*6= <6 *6 7:*6*6 6 $ < 7= & 67

24 0/,/3% %2( #, 5 < *6 = <7 *6 *) 6 >.?< > # 6 3>;? 6 < * 6 =*6 67 N * 7* 7:*6*6 6 67<* < - * 7 < 7 7:*6*6 7 - *6 * < 6 6*6*"<*6< *6-66=*<67<< 77<< = <6*- 6 6 *=*O7**65 < 6 ) 7 = 766-< 7**7@:7*6 7:*6* < 6 67 *= 6 7:*6*6 =* 7@ < 6 6<, < = * 7:*6*6 7. * * 7< 6 7:*6*6*7<*65 6<6= < 7:*6* @ << 7* 6 7 < 6<6/76<* 7:*6* < 6 < 7:*6* < 7@ 6 7* 3< 002& =6 <77 -* < E>.?F < 5<99:7) * 6* < <= * <. * <<6 < 6 *677< * 7< =* < * - * 6 7 < =*6 67 < 2 7 <<=*6< 7= 67- >.?I 7 6 7<7 *7 *6==-67 7 H < < >.?I - %

25 7 < 7 EC F 7:*6*6 7 EC =*@ 7 EC F *6 7 EC F/ 6 >.?I 7:*6* :*6*6 J= 7:*6*6 7 < = 6 >.? < <>.?>006=536 H EG F *6<< - < 6 7*6)6<>.? <& =& < 7 < * *O 6 <7< - * E>#F 6 7*6 6 6<6 6 < <<- >#I = :*6*6 * =*/ < <*6 *6* < ># = 67. >#& < 7 7* 7* J= >00I - 7* 7:*6*6 6 7:*6*6 7@ *7(*6*67 <62 6 *677< =* 7:*6*6-7* 7:*6*6*6 6 < 66 7 < < -7* **667:*6*6 7@ 6 *P 7@ 57<6=67 67<*677:*6*6* 6 7@ 3< < =6<<<667-7*7:*6*6 76 &676 <6<6-6>.?>#7*7:*6*66<* <7.* 7 7:*6* >;? E D < C 67 7:*6*6 7:*6*6 7 6=& = F*K -6<**6 = = 4 6 *7( *6 * 7**6 < 6 < 6 * *O 5 <= 6= < *@

26 * << < * >.?IEF>00IEF< >00I 6 7:*6*6 <6 7<< E F $*6 7:*667*6 6 6 >00 7:*6* 6 >.? = 6 ># *7 *6 7 7 "*6 = 7 < 6 N *6 N *7*6 7**6 0/./@ %% #&"%()("% 'A@B - 6=7*6 6 > :*6*6 7:*6*6 7 - *7 < < 7:*6 7:*6 *677< < < <6*@ -7<<*<6) - <* - 6 *66 7:*667*6 7:*6*6 6< < - J67 * **677 56*676 <>00< E D) GF- 6 D %G -D67*77, %H%D67*7HHDG- 7*@HDEGC FC HGC "<<7*@)%C *@ %C *@ 6 6 =* G * >00) %C %C -<* 6* 6 * * 6 -*6>00 -*6= GC < < GC 99 *6 *6 7 7< =*@) -*6=*6 D $C *@ 6 <

27 4 * H DDD < 6 6= <*6*6>00,7DG * <*6 ) H% < * G 5$" <=* 7-6*76* <) >00 D% 5$" < E 7 JJF4<*5$"6D5$"-*6DDD 7*=*6=6 66 *7=-<<7 < 77*676<< 7 6*66 :677*:*E&GF*6 < >00 7* *677< - ** *6 < 6= 7 6 7* 4 <7 E2 5 ' - 0< 06F<5767 *6<< <7<=*= *67.<7677) & 6 7 *6< 6 E<F7:*6 * 4 > =* <6 6 6< & 77 * - * 7:*6 >00 7 =* 6 < 7*7 &7@ * 7 < *6 <K4 7 6 *&&<< 7 = 7 = 7:*6 6 < <6 6:76< 7 <6 >00 E<F7:*6<6 & 6 = *6 *6 - *6 7 67*7*-6<<6 =7 6=< *6< *7*>00 6* & < 7 7*7 6* <<*<6<# >.! 7 &G 7* *< 7?&5* <6- >00I 7*7 L7 I * G

28 4< ) &6< 7:*6<*7*(7 6:76EF 67 & 6 *6 7< * 67 - <6 < 7 7@ 6 6>00E<*6F = &< 67**- < ( 7 << &6=@6,7<<7:*667*6 *6 & =**6 O =( 7 & & & 7 *7 *6 5 7* 6!7? 5<6 0 7*6 6 *67,7* * D *<< *6 < < >00-6 < E 67 :*7 *6 7* /3. E 7 =7<F& F < 77*<? 6 < < 6 = * 5 5 0< 6 < 6>007<<, >00 =7 6= 5 6 **) T- >00I 6 < < < *4>00I** 6< 7* *67**67 < T->00<<7 <,HD*6 *63*6 < 7*6 * 6 < 6 *6 = 76= 67=6=*< 67 7*@ H

29 2 6 >00I < *6 EG F E F 7 6*7 < 7:*6*6 7 E F 6 7 7:*6* *6 7 O EH F 7:*6*6 67 < *6 E F- H < * EG F >00I < >.?6=@ ; *67*6 >00I 5 < * 7*= 6 (7 *6<< 7<<<<7<< < 7 4 < 7*6 7 * 6 6 -*67*6 6=>00I 7 *6<<6*6<>00I< 6,D>00<<7 < < <> < >00I < O = = *< <7<<7<(*6 ; * >00 ( EHD F << <<- 7 >00) 7:*6 7 E < F < 67 6= ( 7 <K / >00 < = 7:*6 7:*6 6& < 7:*667*67 N7:*667&, 7:*6 7 *677 < 6 7:*6 *6 *6 2 6 < 7*77:*6-6 67:*6 7:*667737:*6<6,2,5< 6**67:*6*6*< " 7:*6 ; 7:*6 6=" 7:*6 *6 *6 6 *6< 6 < =* < 7:*6 H DD *6 *6 :*6* = 6 *6< 7 *6<, D 6 *6 H 7 ) G 7:*6 6 *6 7 = 6= 7 7-7:*6* < *6<*6 &=*67:*6=7:*667 7 < 4 < *6 D

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

31 = 7 6 J= *67 7:*6*6<7:*6*6<6<7<* N =<< 7@ < 6! < 7@ < @ 7* = 6 7 & *6 < 7:*6*6 =7@ = = 6 7 7=7<=36<67@ 667 7<"*6<6 = <6! 7@ 6 *6 = 7:*6* :*6*6 6 = < 7 6 <- <6<6<77I 6< "7:*6*6= <6E..2F 7<*6 7@ 7:*6*6 7 < 7*7 (, *6<< 2..2 % < 37 *6<=2) &D%.& E&7:*6 6F &HEJ*6F& &G$& E&7:*6 6F &EJ*6F& &G& E&7:*6<F &G<EJ*6F& &%!7&7:*6 E7* 6F &%$& EUF <J= 7@ 5..2I.& & GD& <& D!7 7:*6 -*67:*6*6E;0F =..2 2/ :*6*6 6 E5$F 7 D 7-5$I 6 %<,5$I 7 7:*6*6-7< *6 7

32 5 6 7@ 6 5$ 6 = =- = 7 $%% *6E,?F7DD 7D< 7",= *6? 7:*6* =7:*6*6< < 6 * 6 5 7*)7<= < ** = 6 6 7:*6*6 <6" *6 ) *67 - = 6 D / 6 < 7:*6* * = 67*6 *677 < 6-=*,2,5&< *66?@ " 6' <* 06 H 7 6 7= 7:*6*6 7@ $& E 7:*6 6 7@F = *$ =7 << 37 ;*6:*6*60E* 6<F 7@99$& 7:*6*6 6 *6 = *667 3C E/V%GF7 =$& " =7 <$&,5$IE/V%GF =C < = 7<6 *< =$'** = $ = =* 7:*6 = * 6 7 *6 3 < 77 6= *6 - < 6 6 *6 & E *67F 6@ 5$ 5$ 7 6*7 = < 6@ E* 5$F 37 6 : < 6 $& 6=7<7&*@ 36@*677< A*B 6 " : * < <6 6 *6

33 7:*6=*"<*77=*37< < - * == 2 < 7:*667 =Q 7< -<7) & ) 6 <<$& EW F7*6<6X & O *677< 6 < 6" 6 *6 7*6 *6 :7 E 6 *7F " *6 E * * F << < *677< $& 7@@ - = 6 6= 77* * 5 7<6 *67*<<) - *67< *6<< < 7 < - < 6 >00 7:*6*6 = <65< < 6=6-6* *6 * 6 7 7:*6*6 7 < 6 '3 I ( EF*$1E'5F 5<6? * < ** 47<<<<<< 6 7 < E 6 < *6< *6 <F<7*7<6< 7<<<6*6<667*6Y - 6 < J= *76-997* 6 $ = 77* << * 6 <) 7:*6*6 <6 7:*6*6 6, 6 7*7 6<6 *6 7* :*6*67 <66-7* O,*6? 3< 5 6 *67* 7:*6*6 <667:*6*6*!67 7:*6*6<6 0- *67* *6 *6 7 < 7 *67.=6<<<=*6

34 7< 1 3!&=;3'&3!L *637I * ;3' L;= 3*6'I 5 ' 36/ 6 *6 <=*& 7*< =< 7*6<776&7 < *7( == 4 << 7 < < 7*=< 67 1 < 6 < <*6 6 E 6 F 6 < 1 E 6 *67F 6 = <K 4 1 ) D < 5%% *6-%C <6H 5*6 771 *7(=7 <*77< O*!<<&7:*6 (7 *6<< < * * 3*6 7 < *6 < - *6>! *67-2 0&"< 0&"< * 1*6 < 06>910&"< - 7* = 6 7= 7:*6*6 67*667 * :*6*6 67*6 *@ 7*67 5 < < 7* < 7) & 6 '&7* 6 > 0 0 < <6*797:*6*657*65 6 > < *6,6 *O7 67** 6 &&<7*6>6@262!&>!& -&? :*66 :I, 7:*6*6 * > < 6= 6 *677< 7*7 * 7 6 * %

35 7< 6 < =* 67 <7<6< *=6 6 =*- 7:*6 6= *6 * 6 7@ 7 =* 7 * G ** 7:*6*- *6*6 7:*6*6 6 " 6 = *6 =4*67 *6 6 < < *= 67*6*66 <**<<<=3< 7:*6*6 6 6 << 6 7:*6*6 7 = 0 7 < <O*677< +/ : &'% '2>%!< < 6 6 6& *67 < ==*@ < 6!< " E!"#F 7= < < 06 E5500F 6 #*06&E#303F657@7= <7*P -!"#I 7 6 *6 *6 7 *6 * 2 < 6 < 7 7* 26 **3>;?I67< <= < 4 <!"#<5-7=<6<7*6 6=< 7:*6*6 <6..2& 7:*6*6 6 >00 *6,2,5& * 7*=< < < *7 6 < < < 6= < <6<

36 < 6 5 3< 6 *677< E * KF 6 <5500 <<46=5500 < <76<<65 - #303I =*6 = < < *6 < * #303I 67 6 < * 566 < *6= < 5 6 O* @7= =6<< <7 7@547==<<7 7@3 <67@*= *657@7= < =6<< <*6*6 7@ 7< 7@ <<6 < 7 < * < <K < *67 < -/ ( -<6*6=*6 7 < < 6 6 7:*6*6 * :*6*6 6 *6 Y < 6 6 ) 6 *6 * 7 * < 6 797:*6 & 7:*6J7977<<,2,5&**67*?6 <<), < 6 *6 7= - << 7= 7* *6 7 7" 67*6 6< << *6 7*7 7@ " <*677<7*6 5$,? *6 *6 7*'36*767:*6*6

37 "7*<*667N 7=<667*67* %-7:*6*6 6=<<=7:*6*6<6- *<6* 6 K, <6 = ( <,*67I=7)< 7!<6 <777 ==*677<<- <7@ J6 6= <7@?*66< 7*77:*6*6J7:*6*67, * I *6 6 < 7 < 6 7 7@ 7 < ** <;<7"7*6=7=*=*64 *7 < 6 "7?6*6=7*6) 6 <6 < <6 (7* 6 * % =N* < 6 7 = <77:*6*67 G 6 6A*:& *B7 7:*6*67 H *@< D 6*77= 67<=<6 6Q=* 6 ==6 *& *6,56"7*66 < 7 7:*6* < * 7:*6*6 7 * *<6 -* 6*677< 5 7 *677< << < 7* < 7 6* =*6 **6 < G

38 *77<<64 < < <? * 5 $ * < 6 H

39 - 5 7<6 5 *6< < 6) < 6 * <*67<6= * 7* < 77 <<<6:-* 6 6 <6,6*6**6776*67< 6 6< " (7@ 7<=*@ 6-7<79& < < 7 < 6-<<<*66 <74 66*6< 66 -<<=*&<6== & <? < 7 < 6===* =* *677 *6 <-6<67=?<<<676 *6, * - < *6 7**6,/C''2* 4<<6<6 < < :*6*6 *6 = 6 7@ 6 = < < 7:*6*6 2<7@*7=<< 6*76*677<O=* -<<< 7*7*6< 66 <<< < *@" =* 6 67*6 6 *6 < 6 *677< = 7* < D

40 5 6 * < 6 6 ( 7 6 *6< *677< < 7<< & 4!7?5<6065, 0672<75.*6&-7 25'-0<065 50<06E5500F5 <776 E F*677<< *6< 0< 6 < "O <<7<*7( 7 - *677< 7:*6*6 < <6*6 ;67*6-6 *6 * - =* < - :*6*75 *677< < 6 < <6*6**6 < - 7<*7*6=7<<6./! &&: %'#&'"%()("% ' -LI6* * << 7= 7*; <77<6 <66-7**67<6=<6 ) << *6 < 6 *677<& *6*67<6=7 7 " *6 7 < - * * =* *6*6 *677< < 6 < < < 6 -*A67B677 < < < << 6 "*6 < 6 %

41 ,<6<6 7 0 =<0 7@*6 < << < 0 *@ 0 = < *P < ==*@ : %"% ': (AB%"% '/ 2<677Z7 2 67&*@99 - = *6 < 6*6 *@ 77Z <6 6764*=< "< 6 < 6 < < < < 67 < 6 67<<=-767 =6 <<67 " < < 6 6= <677*6?, 6 <6<6 <<6<= /<=7=<== ;<? <<< <*6 / <6 6/ 2; <<67= * 4 6 6*66< - 6*@ 7 6 < 6*676 *6= ; =* 6= = < *6 ==*@ < < 6 < = 6 2 = < " < 6 *6 O 6< *Q - 6= * < 67 7 *6) < 67 6 < = 6< 6*@667<7 7<<6< 6" < < * < 67 %

42 *6 < /7*76 = <*676 <*6==*6? 6 * 7= *6 < << < < *7 6<67 : %"% '2 %"% '/ <<*6767) << - < 6 < < < *6 6 6 *@)67 6- < <4L<I =<6<; < < 4 < 67 < < *I *6 ) 67 <67*=*!* 6<7:*6*6 6<<6 6<<*@?<<$< <2=*6 *67, < 6 ** <<<6 <0 < *< 6 <7<= 7<*=* << : %"% ' %( : &'/ /< = *@ << 67*@= 0 <*6776, < = << 7 6*7*<< %

43 : %"% '%%&2 "% '/ - 7 < L < I * 7 <- < 6 (7 *67:*6&*= <<***6@ : %"% '>>3D>>3>/ "==*@<6 *6 < <"7*==*@67 < "==*===6=<667* < 4 6 = *6 < <= < 4 ==* 6X 4 < = 7:*667*6 6<X57* (7 7 6, *6 <6=* < 7:*6* 6= < 3<? 5<6 0 < L* I 66< 7< 4 <* *776<7 "* 7 6 **6 < IH, <?(<* ==*-<6=<7:*667) <67A==*=B6=7<< Evidence based-denken is intussen een behandelingsnorm geworden, in de psychiatrie, in de psychotherapie, in de hulpverlening tout court. In een context van kennisexplosie is dat een goede zaak. De beste actuele kennis wordt transparant ter beschikking gesteld van alle hulpverleners. Er is met de stroming mee ook een trend om de behandeling te onderwerpen aan een protocol. Evidence based behandelen verhuist de klemtoon naar objectieve kennis en naar een uniform behandelingsmodel voor een bepaalde doelgroep. Dit verhoogt zeker de kwaliteit van de behandeling. Het daagt het multidisciplinaire behandelingsteam uit om de diagnose en behandeling beter te benoemen en af stemmen. Ook maatschappelijk is dit van belang. Het verhoogt de transparantie van het aanbod en van de financiering. Maar, er zijn zeker ook kanttekeningen te maken bij deze aanpak en bij het ongenuanceerd toepassen ervan. Behandelaars hebben wel eens de indruk dat er te weinig ruimte overblijft voor wat er in de behandeling toe doet of voor de ziel van de therapie. De ruimte om als behandelaar voldoende autonoom en in vrijheid een oordeel te vormen verkleint ten gevolge van de dwingende normering en protocollisering. Protocollisering en evidence based behandelen mogen niet ten koste gaan van het unieke van het behandeltraject van elke patiënt of cliënt en %

44 ook niet ten koste van de creativiteit in het therapeutische werk. De huidige toepassing van evidence based-denken overbelicht wellicht het aspect kennis. Alle aandacht gaat naar het ontwikkelen van methodes die de best beschikbare onderzoeksgegevens langs de weg van protocollen bij de behandelaar brengen. Daarbij komt nog dat het om een bepaald en beperkend type van kennis gaat: gerationaliseerde kennis, die haast gemechaniseerd tot stand komt uit een strakke visie op effectiviteit: een specifieke technische interventie levert een specifiek resultaat op. De gouden standaard is de zogenaamde randomized controlled trials die vooral in de somatische gezondheidszorg bekend geworden zijn. Onderzoeksmethoden uit de medische wetenschap gaan meestal uit van relatief eenvoudige oorzaak-gevolg relaties tussen input (behandeling) en output (genezing) maar dat laat zich niet altijd overdragen naar complexere situaties in de geestelijke gezondheidszorg. Onderzoek toont aan dat psychotherapie voor een groot aantal mensen werkt en leidt tot een afname van symptomen. De belangrijkste factor is de kwaliteit van de relatie of de mate van hechting tussen de behandelaar en de cliënt. 5 < = 7 6 ==* 6? 7 < 7 *677< L< 6 7*6 I L< 66<==*@I< 0/! 3)22#& :%% (: &('#&'"%()("% '/ Evidence based geestelijke gezondheidszorg komt neer op een integratie van beschikbare wetenschappelijke evidentie, de klinische expertise van de behandelaar en de voorkeuren en verwachtingen van de cliënt. Evidence-based verwijst dan naar een klinische methode die leidt tot een nauwgezet (of gewetensvol), oordeelkundig gebruik van de actuele, best beschikbare onderzoeksgegevens voor klinische beslissingen over de zorg voor individuele patiënten en waarbij de concrete situatie van de patiënt uitgangspunt vormt voor de klinische beslissing < < 6*667*( "* <<<<=,6=<67=*6 *677< *I " 67*6 6 6= *7) 76 <<676K< 2< 6*6< 6 4<7*@<<6 6 " <<76=6 7 6= 3< 6 *& < < <7 %%

45 47* 6 7:*667@< *6 "E7:*6F67*6 "* 6 < 6 6 * *6< << *6 6J(7 6 < 7 < = "* 6 < < 7 = *6< * < 6* *@ =* 6 Q <= 67*@ 56=7:*667 *6:*6) 7:*667<<6< 6 ==*@6<7-*6=:*66 <*6 < 6 *7( 7 < 7@" 6 < < 7*=< 6 7&*6<-7:*667 67@ 7 6 < *677< ==*@ <<6-7= 67 *6 7* *EF 6 << 3<<<6<* <*6 7<< 2 7:*667 7**6 < < 6 <7:*667*6=<*6 4 *677< 6!7? 5<6 0 E!?50F 4 < 6!?50 *6 *6 7 6 < * < 7 ==*<*<<7 * 7I 4 7?50 < < 7 6* <7*6 7"7 < ** 6 < 5 < 3< 6 < 5500 < = 7 ==* 6<6"*7 *677<*6N**6<& <?*677< < * *7*76<6=6 *=O*7-<7* 76**7 77<<3<*< *677<<-*&< <7*<7&K %

46 4 4 7 *677< << 7 *6 7*?*677< < 7 < < "<<<<<:6 <4<*6 7@ 7 - = 7*@E:F = 6 E(7= 67 7< F < 6 7* *@ 7 <6 4 < 6 6 = *<726<<*67 *6< 6 = 6 4 <7= <6 <<6 76<<7=< " 7 < < 6 3< Q 7 < *6-6*6<7 67<*@<< +/ (2*('#&'"%()("% ' - < 6 5 <7 *6 2 < <<7 77=6<7:*6*6 7-6*= $*6 67 < :*6*6 7 < < =* < 6 7 <674<767 <76=@*6 6 =* 7 *@77 = *P *O?7* <7*6-*7*66 7 <= - < <7 67) 7:*6*67 * < 67 *6<- *6 6 %

47 ,<567 << ** 7:*6*67 <6 7 7 * 7:*6* *= $ =@ *6 7<6I"<6 *? 5<6 0 D&% = ***7 +/,/! &3% 3(% '(' '2;3)3) %, ). & 7 &>, -?&@AB ; 7:*6*67 4 AB < < 2 *= = < 6 LI 4 *6 7=<*(7/ 7:*6*6 7 < *6 < < = <. 7:*6*6 7 < * << <*<.<L7:*6*6 7@B < (,6 7*=< < 7 < *6= 6= 6 7 < * = -7:*6*67 <7*6 < < * 7 < < 6 < * = 6 " <6<7=677=6 7 ==* 6 7I J67 < / 7:*6*6 7 = < 6 < 2 *== 7=K %G

48 -566= 550<06 E5500F67*$0<[X =* =7 * > < 7* A. 0B- 7* 7 < 25!<75$0<[X 4 7* A$ 0<[XB 6!&.<6 6= 6 < 6 < < <<**=674 7* A$ 0<[XB *6< =, = < *6 6 *6= < 6- = * $ 0<[X 6 **< ==*6$0<[X *7*I7< <**<7 *<<< < ** <67:*6* *6 7*<64 7* ) & < < 6EF7:*6*67 **76=<< 6**<*== &*-6**<76E 6FE<F*7E =<F &**@- < :*6*6 7 < 4 ** 7@ * = <*7@ < &* <<6 < & < * < 6 7@ =*66 = *<<6 06 **6*677<* N 6 < 6 7* 0< 065E005F7*7*5500* E2 5 ' - 0< 06! 7 7\-F$0<[X7 " *6 7* 6= ==* < 7 7@ = 7@ E7 6<<7@7*77==7@F %H

49 E<F<E 6 < <7 6=F 6E<** 6 F -6="7*6 7@ = 4 = * 7@ 6 & < 7@ 4 77*= 7@ < <6 - =! < < ) 7 = ** 7:*6&* 6 2 **7 =<6 $7=6* * < 6 *76< =<7*6 3< *677< < 6 3=)3 D ) *3* (()(% '2 %#3 '#&'"%()(%% ( 3=)3 D ) *3* ((2>% %% > ( 2 % 2;3)3)2 % / +/./ ('#&'"%()("% ',>. C. & 7 /2'2 &D.. C. &-?&/3B %D

50 , 6 & & ; &-?&/AB 5< 4<7:*6*6<*6*6<< 7 6 7:*6*6 =* < 7@=*@<3<*677< 77:*6*67 ==*= =<6 7< <6 7==* 56=65*7O*7&7 " "7 I *6 < 7 =? *7 O*7 6 7* 7 * < < 5 *7"7I "76=<" &<7<6, 7<< *6 7* 5 7) O*7 * 7:*6 7 =* 7**6 < 6**6 45*77*67<< 2<7*6*7 77*67 <6<- < 77*7=,=*666656& <6577D&6 7= 56 <7=6 6 *, 6 7* 7 6 7< < E3$F- 6 5 D <3$<6 *, * <3$)

51 & 7 67 * 677<=*6 & = 6 * 7 7 *6 === &77O*77 *6<*66*= <<<6-66*7*7-*7= 6= 7*=< * < < < 6< O*5=6=N7 - /</< 6 < < * =4< =< =*667 *6<<7< =*6--.!4. 6 O* **N 7:*6 <*7* 7* *7 <<,6 7<75%JJH 5<7O*77*6-<765 *7 7* =< 6*= # <777 <564 O*7 7<<< 3<O**=GEG7*6DH%=F 5 6 & L 6 6 =HC <6I&6 H6 %C HC O* 4 O* < *6 4 < = 6 = = - A= < 7 B 5< = 6 =O* *7 O*7 < 6 ==***6* "7< <<C <6 6 =*= = HC < 3< 6 *7 < *7*7=O*<*6$ *677<76== 6

52 , 7 5 <7 < *6 7 - <7 < * *6 <*6 6 5 *7 D& 2 < *677< 6 *6 = < < 6 5, 067 2<7 E5,02F 5.*6& -7 E5.-F #303I >00I 7*" 777-=*5,02 E <F 5.- E *6 F 7 6 *.=6<< 7 6 < 5 * 77 < ; <*64 7 7< * < 7 < 67 * & 77 == 6= 5*6 *6 * *7*7=<<< 3= %2 3) : &' %2 *?3(2 ( %// " %% (% ' '"%()(3%> " *: '"%()((%''3* (32 3= 3 %2 %2 >* ) % &% % ' %% : &' %% &$ 3%)% ( *' *?3(2 2 % '%% *?3(2 / +/0/ (3)%% %'(3 %',<. ; = &9$## & -?&@AB,/2'2. -?&@3B

53 ,. &7 & %. & > ) $## &-?&/EB Onze Vlaamse samenleving krijgt een steeds multicultureler karakter. Blijvende aandacht voor integratie is hierbij een permanente opdracht.(..) We willen het initiatief nemen om interculturalisering duidelijk op de agenda van de zorgsectoren te plaatsen en zal daarvoor met de sectoren concrete afspraken maken en er mee samen werken. We bekijken deze aandacht vanuit twee invalshoeken: de toegankelijkheid van het aanbod en de tewerkstelling. 7 = &9 = = &. &7 &-?&3/B 5 <**7 *- = LI 6 6*6 * =7= 7 7:*6* < * * 67 5 *676LI<767- =67 6<<= :7 <*6 ; 6 < 6777 << 5 7 == < 5 < < =* < $ *= = <7 < 6 < *6 < * 7:*6* <7*=6 < 6 <<6 6 5 *@*7:*6*67 << <<7

54 - >00 6 =7 < *67*6 < 6 *) * < < < *6 $6 <6=&66 <7:*6*67 = < +/0/,/< '#&'"%()("% '( #"% ' 37 : <7 <7 002 *=< <6) &-*6*<< <<*P-7@<77= *<5<=&6* <**6O -*6>00 *6 <, 7 <** - < *<67<64 < 6 7 *6 = < >.?,>.? 3>;? < << 6 * 74*@<7<7:*6*6<*6-7:*6*6<*666=*@<6-7 77<< =*@ 7:*6* <O7<6.>00>.? =7 <*7@*O < E= *6*6 =*6E*6*6F7:*6*67@ 6*7< = O*7KF6 >00I>.?I<67 << =<< " < < 7 6 *& (** K < - < =7< < <<6 < =*7:*6*66 6 L7:*6*6 =*I < < < 6 766<- < - 6 7:*6*6 7 < < %

55 "< =*7( 7 < = 6 7 << 7**64<767*7)*6 7**6 &6 < <7 7:*6*6 7 - *6 7<*6*6 = 6= 5 7 7*=< 6< 7 *6 " < 002& < 7 < &"<7*=<7*< 6 7:*6*6 7 2 < (7? < *7 *6<<77:*6*67 < 67 " <6 < 67 6 $6 < <*<62 *= *6*6 7:*6*6 7 < < 7$ <=* 6*@ < 4*@ 7:*6*6 6 < < *6 *67*6 6 < 4 << < * - << 6 < 6 < 6 E 7%F*6776<6 &-*677:*6*67 7 << = = $*6 < 7 *776<7002-<7 7 7:*6*67 * 6 7:*6*6 7@ 7 <*6 002 *677<*E%F &;<=67 66= ; = 7 7-7=67=*7<*6 ;<6<=7:*6*6 7 <<47< <*6< *7 & "<6 < < 7= < = <<?<7*67<< < <<

56 . < *6= <7 *= 7:*6*6 =* - 7:*6*6 =* << 7 002& 4 < <= 6 *6< 7 7*=< 002& *6< * < 7* 002& 6 < 6 <6 *6 < 7*002&<6-* = < 7< < " 7*=< 7:*6*6 =* = *6 < < 7-667<<<6*=*6 6 7:*6*6 =* 7 4 < * 6, < 7:*6*6 =* = 7:*6*6 7 * 6 7:*6*6 7 6 < < * 4 < *6 *6 <*6 < < * 3< < 6 < 7:*6*6 7 7* 6*6< 3=%: &&' 2 2 %#3'#&'"%()("% '%2 #*%2'%('&* ( 'D3( #'"%()(3%> / +/0/./* 3)(: & 3*6 < < 7 < N6 <=*6 7*= 7= 7 *,7 99<7767 = 7 6= /<<< <7*6 <<7 3*6< <76=77=7@*@ < 3*6< 6 =*@-*6<<*7 =< 7J=*@

57 "77:*6*67-99 <7 < 6 *= - *6 7 < *6 *6 = 6= 5 7 7*=< 6< 7 *6 <737 <<6< <? 7 ***6 6= < 7 67? = < < < 67 <-*6<<. < < = <67 <#*6=<66 < *6?< 7(*<.<67:*6*6 = *7/=:< *6 6 7:*6*6 7 < < < 7 67 = = 6 " < <66< E 6 6F 6<<< 6< < = < *6 E*6 67F < < = *6 * < 7*6=<. =* 7:*6*67 7<= 7:*6 5 7 * 7:*6*6 7 <7. < *6 7 7 *6<<* < < 6 *6 *6 ; 6 < <) 6 < < 6 <7 5 < < 2 6 <6 <<*676< - = 67 <= ( 7, *67*6747< ( < 67 = 7 2 < < < 6 7 2<*6 G

58 = 6 67<75676< < 2 *677 < 4667<99) AE67F*6<E*6<FB - <<6 < <<66 =*@7<*67 67 << *6 3*6 = 6 -<<6 7:*6*6 = 7:*6* :*667& *667*=<<<67&< *6< >006:*6*62<6<< 6, 6 5 *7 &% >00 >.? <6* < 6-<*6 6 < <, < 6 < 6 * < 6 * < < 6 < < 3< < *677<< <<65,02>"-"! 6 < 6< << && 6 7* = 6= E5*7O*7F7:*6*6 < *6<67< 6 3=( : &'%'#&)(* '': ):%% ( $(3 ' : "#: &(3 %% '#& '"%()("% ':% (%( "%3) *3* *'%*:(/ 3=)&( ) 32*?3(2 :% ()2 %#3E( '%(5'%5%F*'%*:( %('#&'"%()(% ( ' %( H

59 - 5 *- < << *6? *6 * 7 7 < 6.*6 < < < 6 *6 < *6 *677< ) 7 <6 7 < 6 < < : 7 ;<< = $< 6< *<)6=6<.* **=Q 6 7:*6*6 *6 < < 5 *6 **67&< 66 $*6 = 66 *6 7 < *6 *6 7-7 *6 *6 *6 7*=< E6 < 6 < 6 F *6 E* 6 F *&**6 7 * ***6 E ZF * *6 E 6*6 = *6 < F $ 7 =6<< 7*=< 67)*6 <7<6 *6,* 7<< < 6 < 4 *677 6,*6 002&<*(*< *6 7* 6 * < 002 << -<667<6<*64 7<6** *6 < 6 6 7:*6*6 <*6 6 7 < <7 7 6 ; 67<<76 6= < * 47 *6 << 67 4 *6< < * *6** < 6 6: *6 ->.?E>.?<F>00E>0<06F *6 *6*= 6 7*< * < 7 < 7 *6&*6*67* =37 <6==**<>00 D

60 2 >.? >00 * <6 67 < 6 67 >.? >00 < < =* 3=) )%'(323>3% 3*** "% ' (@ %% #&"%()("% '/ +/0/0/% '*: 3)%%'D - = N ***6 < 6 * <<57< 7 *< =* < :7* 6 *: ** 6 ** < "&66 *6<<6???, *@ 6 "*6< =67 =67 7 7*7:*667 =67 <=667** - ==* < 7 =, =67 7:*6&*= = =67 < ; = 6 6<7*6 = *< " < ** & = *7 = *67<<, 7* 7:*667 = 67 6 = 67 = 67 < * =67, =67 E= 6= F =67E<,!? F 67/ <6<,7:6==,7: 6 7:*6*6 <*6-6 << <. 6 * *@ < 367 < <<,7:<<7E6F 7 *=*6** * 67,7: < *@& 6 6*@*6,7:7 *677< < O* 7*6 7 <7<<*64O*7 7:*6*=*6O*<

61 7 < *6 7 < <-*@ 7 = =7 <677@< " *@ *6 <<< =*&& =* 67 07:*6*= 7<<<=*& &=***< 7 7<*6*6 " *6 < 67) 6 7 < << 6 7*:< <4 < = 6 7< 67*6 < = 6 7** *@ 6 :*6*6<<6==*=4L<I 0 7< 6 77* 5 7*77 * - ==*< 4 < 6 & 66 <= 7= * < *6 67 < < = 6 < ==* 6< $ <<=& 66* 77 < < $*6*6 < < =* <* 7*7*=<*(< 7*=< 7'I > 6 7 < < =* 3<<6 < 7*6*6 **7 7* < 7 **6 < 'I> <<**7(7 =7* 75. *6@6 7 3=2 %#3%2 %22%%2 %#3*%*: %% %) 2 ("&%22>>3%( "%&/ 3=%( "%&%2: &23('#&'"%()("% '&'" :% (G( F@ /

62 +/+/C (')%('#&'"%()("% ',9 $## & =. &).... &> ) * 8=. #%=.. &-?&10B Bij die operatie (integrale jeugdhulp) wordt de bestaande expertise en kwaliteit op het gebied van diagnostiek en indicatiestelling, omgaan met verontrustende situaties en maatschappelijke noodzaak, erkend en meegenomen in de nieuwe aanpak.. ). &-?&1:B,5<DQ>00 *6=77<< <7:*67:*63< 67 <*6*6*6 /*6 6 7<*= *6<7< +/+/,/ : &'@ ">('2;3)%%' -> <7->006 *6 * *6 < 6 * 6) < 67@ 767@ = &**@ * < =*<*6*@ 7 7<< 67 < 467 *6=7

63 377 *6<>00(77 < = 7:*6 2 *6 7< < 6 >00- (7 < *6 6 ) 6 7 << = 6 * *6=6 *6K3<7 ( - < < >00 = 7:*6E7<<F 77* < * < *63>00=7<<<<6 >00 < *6 7 < *@ 5 7 *@ 6 6 6@ *6 : << 6;:*6<*@ << 6< - =* 7 <=* 37<<< *66 " L = 7=I 6 $*6 < << 6 * **-6<6 *6 6 7@ 7 7 <- *6 < <<=**6-6 77<< 7:*6 7:*6 7<< *67*=<*6< << -* >00 < 7@ *6 << *6 * =* << > < 7* =* < 7@ >* <<7 6, 6 >00 =* 6,2,5 * = 5 *67 7&<&6< =-<<5 7 =5 67 < *6 6= < < *6 *6 =* 6 < < <7<*6*@ N < * 7@, 7@ >00< 6 7:*6*6* 6 7 6,2,5 5 7@ *6<< E6 <

64 J= (=*F = <, *6 6 <7@77?*6 < << E<XF 7:*6 -,2,5& 6" < 7*6< 777:*64<6 7 < *677 6 =*< 6<<<< < < < << 7 < <7 4 <<7*&<<77:*6 *60 7:*6 <77* 66< 7:*67<< 56<<>00<== = <<- > :*6 7 = 6 >00 <<<7:*6*6<6 ;** AB=A<B***67 7*=< 6 >00 = < 7:*6 - * *6< 7:*6 = = 6 < 7* < 6 6 >00 7*=<=7< 7*666 -=**<=<676>00 < 0 *@ 6 >00 < = 7 ** *@ 7@ 7 4 = 67 67@6*6 6>002 6 *6 *6 7 6 < < >00 =67(77?7*77* >00* (7 < (7<*6<<& 6==*7 *67*7<<6<7=66=7 < = $ < < = < 7:*6 7:*6 7:*667 6 >00- < 6>00*6<< *7 7 * 4 < < < *6 < < >00 7<7(779<* =*@<<-*@ *@ %

65 >00 < < *7*6>006<7(77< 6>00 3=@ D *% '* &&'%(2' &'3D#( '(@/ 3=@: &)* '% : &'%(* ( # ''(2;3)%%'2;3) / 3=%2"H2 %( : &'@">(' 2;3)%%')@/ +/+/./< %(%% &( #%' - = < *7( < 6 < 7-6 *7( * < 7 6 <<6> = <<<) *6< 7 ** << < 7 7 = *677< *( 7*=< *&* *6 7*6 4 7 << 6 <7*6<=*6*67< <*6 * *6 *6 * 4 *6=766* <. << << 7 *6 < = * << 7*6 < "6 2=< < C 5 * 77 *6= 6 <, < / * *=*) 6 * 7 *6*7 *6 < ** J = <* < 5 "*6<7*6=* < ==* E<F 6 7 < -< *677< ) 6 7< < 6 *6 < *6*6<76< 7 6< < < E

66 6 6= < * <*6J < 6 <, < 7:*6*6 <* << 7 7 7:*6 E7F << 7* EF*6*67:*6*67 7 << 6 =* 7:*6*6 7 <<= 5 < < 6 < 6 = <<=*6< =*( = * 7:*6*6 7 *6 7= 67 ** * 6 7:*6*6 7:*6*6 6 < <7 6-7 == < *6< *6 <<<6 = 6 7 < < 5 *6 7 6 < 7:*6*6 7 <= <= " 7< << &4 <&>00 < $< 6< << < <*6 (7 - < N (7 7 <7:*6*67 <6 6*7< *7(*7 4= <& 6 67*67*<*6<< & 5 < 6< <& < 7 7 < 2 *6<< (7 *6< >#I>.?I <76 4**7*6<6 >00 < 7:*6*6 <6 E *67* *!320F < <,*66*6 < *277<*6*:*6 6 *6 7* 6 6*:* 4 < *6 7:*6*6 * < 7 3*6Q7 6 <

67 @ 7 6 7*=<<6 & 5, 167 * 7 < 6 < 89 *, 167 =<<66767 < < *6< <7" <7*667 6 *O 67 - *6 67 <& =7< < 4 *=<*6*67 5 < & > < 6 E& F < 7 / * 7 37 < 6 < 7 <6 < 7 67 < N 7:*6 6 3< 6 7 7:*6*6 7@ 7. E * 7:*6F $ E*6*6 7:*6F- E <F " E7F& " <*7 < * 002&7 < 7:*6*6 *7 O* 37 < %J% <<6<66<7<6< 6 < $ ** < 6 = <* * 7777:*6*667<-67 < 6 O 7< 7 4 <*767 =** = = = *6 :7 << < 7 67 << 6 < =O=*77*4 767@<)676==< 6 < = <!7 7:*6*6 6 < = 67 7 *6 *<*6=66 &4=<< 6002& < 7 < *= 6 7 / 2<6 E/25F & < E=,2,5 *677F < = * / 6 6= *67 7 /25 <6- =* * < 002&7 *6 <6 G

68 4002&67E F6< & $ <<< =- = 6 0* * EJJGF 6 7* EHJJHF < <67*7:*6*6 7 < 7 < %T < H 7D == *66 = *6 = = < *6 7 < - 6 7(7< =*6 002&* < 3 7 <=7< < 6= 6 7 <<< * <<< = 6 <*6< <<6 67 <6<*6< *6 < 6 < <<< 6 *6< *O & <6 <6<-6(3!;3' *6 *7( < 6= $ E*6F 7<<6 6 3=* (')%(&( 5#%' (@/ 3= &'%* 3)' (#"%( #*'("% '/ 3=*)%: 2 : &'&&%% ( 2;3) 3)"% '%% #%' %( #*D '/ +/+/0/< %(%% %*( - 7 < *6 < < 6 =*6 << $ 99 5 < - *6 =?*6=*6HH H

69 0 HC *6 6 2< = ** 6 = - =*6 <<7 " &6 < < < < *677/<*667/= 6 < < 7<6 6 N* ->007:*6*67:*6*67 <<3*67 < 5 <= 7 < 6 75=<67 *6 = < 7 *6 6 7 < 67 7:*6*6 7 < *67?7<7:*6*67 6 6< 77 < O* < 7:*6=* * = * 6 7 *, 6 * 7 < 6 *6 < > 0< 06 6 < <<< *6*6<=7"*67 7 =* *7 >00 *6<7*7:*6*67 < 3 7 < >00 H < ; 7 6= < >00-7<*6 <<<=6*( )= 7=6 &*-& * * 7:*6*6 7 6 *6 < 6 < *6 < <76<<* 67 =& << *6 & * * 7<< ; >00%C 67 7%C 775<->00 7<< 6 7 *6 6 6< 7:*6* < < 6<66 7** D

70 (7<676< *6 7*6 >00 7 >00 < <) * & * 67<< <46** &7 *67, 6 5 *7 O*7 * < * 6= =77*75<6 6 * <<6 E= *F *67 < *6 =* 7 = $ *7 =* *6 ) *6*6 < = *666 3=* (')%((%*( (@ 3=%*( 3%' %2 &) 32*?3(2 G

71 +/-/%*: '#&'"%()("% '( ((% De VDAB stelde de voorbije jaren vast dat mensen met een medische, mentale, psychische of psychiatrische problematiek amper een baan vinden ondanks het volgen van de klassieke arbeidstrajectbegeleiding. In dit kader willen we de mogelijkheden onderzoeken voor initiatieven van arbeidszorg voor (ex-) psychiatrische patiënten voor wie tewerkstelling in het normaal economisch circuit te hoog gegrepen is. (p.70),%. F 6 & 7 =.....-?&:'B,> =C ) & > &?&B>.$%> =$##= &-?&3'B, &9 =..?&AEB,< >. &-?&@1B 56=A*67 B-<6<&7 E?,F << O =*@ K- = < - 6 << *6 7:*6*6 = 7:*6*6E;;F7 ;=L*I*66?, 7 7* ( 7* ?, 7< *6 7:*6*6 = 7:*6*6 7 < ***6 * J= 7:*6* 7 7 < *<<< G

72 - *677 *= 7 ** EF < 7 < <<6 * * = *6 <7 = 7 7EF45<<D&% <=L*6I< <*6 * 7 < << < / < * < <5-.=7< 7 7 << & < 7 6 *6 7:*6* = < 7*6 < 7 < *6< 7 6 <<;;7 < <7*<7*677??< 7 *6 < - H <* <75<<;;&7 < * < * 6 <- = 6 L I 5 < = * ( H 6 < *6 6 *6 * <77. < 7 7 <. * 7* = < 4 *6 7 *] <<699 <6 <. = 6 *6 7 6J6 < =* ) *6= =***=67*46 6 *677< < 5 < = 6 6 < *6< 7 <- < = 7< 3<=7< 7 < << "<7< 7 ( 3>;? < < 6 - *= *6 7 6 < 6 7 7< < 4 = <=< < *6 7*6 3< < 6 = <<E 5. 6F *6< =$ <*6 6 = = 99 O < G

73 47* *6*77<6*6 6= < - 6 *6 7*7 << 6< 6;6*6 7 5 < < 7* 6 =. 6=*6<) &. 6*7*<7 *6 =* * <7!* <7 < 6 7< 77<7 <. * <7 <<<<*6 5-. &, 6 < ) * <7 < *6 <7 = 7*67 99 << 4 <<<*6<<*6*6< *6 << < << ;; 7 < 6 < < 77 * <- 7 < &,*<65.*674*7E5.4F L <I6*7 7 *< *6 < 7 ( <7 L **6I &,>.? <7* 7- *6*67 < <76 6 <6 *6*6< < < * *- * < * =* <7*=<=*, 6<=*63>;? &4<63>;?I< -7 <=* 7*4 7* <, =6<< 6 <6<47*7<< 7 & < < * 7* 7* &" < < 6 6 <**7:*6*6<6 *6 /Q<*6 6*7 G

74 777:*6* *7 <**6= **2 * * * 7@ *6 :7 7@ 67 - ** 6 < =* 4 < < 6= *6 ) < 7 5 << < =6<<6=* -**L7I *6<)7:*6*6<6= *6 * < 6 * <7K- *6 7 =* L*I;=**< *6 99 <6 '* * *6 6 E <F 6 ) 7*3>;?-.>&7* *=* *6<76 = *. <676=7*6 * 6=<*6 4 56== = == *6 < <-< <** <6 6 < O< 3<5-.6< = = 6 < 7< *6 < 7 * 0 *6< 6 << 6 < *6 6 6 *66-7, = 6 < 6 * =. 7 < < * *6776*467 <7*6- )6<< < *6 = * <7 = 6 **6 G%

75 ** 7 ; *6 < = 5-. $ *6 * < *6 99 6< < " < 99 7 *6=6<<<=E5.,2, >;?F " < < *6<6 < =* < < $ 6<6**7L I <6 *<=*677 3= : &' ((% : &%33%% '?' ((&( & %( ("% ': (*(#& 2:% (''2 % 2;3)3)I%>2;3) 3) 2 % $( ')** ("% ' (: & / 26<< I6<<< 6 6 <=67*<<< <6. < *677< * =* -*6< *6*6<7*=<7 7:*6*6J=7:*6*67, < < 6 N 7?7 6 < << 7?-?7=* 4 < * 6 < G < 6 < < 77*=<7 6<7 E<HF?<<(& 7:*6*6 7@ *6 = *6 (& 76*7 47 = < 6 76<,6< 6= 7<<6&* G

76 / <6 77 < <6 6 - * 6* 6 *6< 7 7 = < 6-7<6<* 6*@ * 6 * 6 < 6*6 *==*@7? = 6 = * < - < = 6 6 < 2 * * 6*677 *=<6 *-6=<6 << =7< * E *@= = 67KF <=< * 3 << < = * < < =7< = *6< 7*&6 376<*66, 7<76*6- ( < ** 7* < 2 * 77 * * 6 & 6* 7* < < 3= : &'*((%!%5! "#%% )3 D %(%3)** :%''2:%%'(' %% 2 % 2;3)3)I%>2;3) 3)2 % *67 L* 67& * I ; *@5 <O :*6*6 7 "7 <C 7:*6*6 C J %C E7:*6*F G

77 = E <F 7:*6* = = < 6 0 = 6 < 7= =6<< 7< <6 6 < -6 = <6 < 66 < 77*==67,7:*6*6=7:*6* =, 6*7 < < 7<*67 <7 6, * 6 7:*6*6 =* << 6 * ; < 6:76< < < 6 < <6 * & <<- < 6 < ) 6 7:*6*6 << 6 7 *7-5 6 *6 6 L!*6 7 67& I 67&, 6 *6 7 7*6 6 < < 6) - 7=*= <*P7<7 < - < =*6< 0@*(7*=*=*667 < :*6 < 6 *@ 64=<0<7*99>00 *6< 7* =*6-7* =*6 < * 7 6 =*6 67) 77*7*67<Q>.?I <67:*6* -7*=*6*7=*6&7:*6*6 *:O<77:*6*67 4 7*6676<*6< < 6 =*6<*( E6 *6 =*F 3< =*6 77 *@ 7 *6 < E =< = 7 < 6F 67 *6< < EF(7 GG

78 -7*=<7O6=7*67 6 < 7 & *677 0<6 6 ; 7 67 < < <=*7 6/77*6 =*6 ** < 6 O <*677**,@%O99=*6 = E C < <F *6 < 7 = =G7*6*7Q7 7:*6*6=O 6 *: 7 3< 5<6 H 7 6=*6**7 $ 6;7 1 =*6&7:*6*6 * 0 EG 7F.7 EH7F- <6 O 6 6* < 7 < 6 5 O6*765.*67 4*77*=< ) * ;<7 7 < '*6 < 7**6 = 4 = =567 <<< 7*6 *677 /6*676=5*677 <<<=6 << 6< <4< *6*P7<66< << /> < Q- 7 =*6< < 7* = 67 < 6 3< *6< 7 < < 6 $7 6 6*6 *< < =67 3=C ('("% ''( ( 2;3)3)2 % ) &( ) '3)2%% '( (/ GH

79 $ < 7 < 6*7 < 7:*6*6 7 < < *6< - 7*=<*7( < 6*7 7:*6*6 J= 7 <7 <, 3< = * 7:*6*6 7 6 E C F 7 < 6*7 < 4 5.*674*7E5.4F< 7:* <77 < <6*7=* < 6*7 7:*6*6 7 < * 7 < 6=5656 *6*6777-=*7(< 6<7<7 7 <?*6*67:*6*6 7@ 7 <6*7(*=6 = 7< 6 7 *6 7= =*3<*76*7 < 7:*6*67 <6 =656 O = = 6 * 77* < 0-7* < 6 7:*6*6 6 * 7 6*7 < * E5 F 6 ^ 7* EF 7:*667*6 67 6*7-6776>00*6 7 <,676 = J= 7= *@- < 7:*6*6 7 *6 77 >00 7 6*67 4 < * ; 6 (7 < 7" <7 7766<< *6= 0 7< 6 6** 6 67*6 6 = 7 7< - < 67766*< < * 77 ** < <" <(7<*76*7 6!7"(7/<E!"/F4!"/<* 67 = < 6*77*=< < 7<*@<6*77:*6*6J=7 -*< N < < 6 6*7 N 7 *6 GD

80 < 67 7< " *< 7<6 ** 3=* (')%( *)*2 ' 2 % )(32#&% (2;3)3)I%>'( '2 % +/J/% '('#&'"%()("% '"% '3 3*"% ': &,7. & G G. H & 7.. & > ; &,?&@AB,!. 8#.. #?! " #B& >. & >?B&-?&1EB, *6<<<<*677< < 6 == < :*6*67 <6**=&&< -<<%7*6002 < 77 *677< 3< 6 =< , H

81 *67*6 6 7:*6* ** 6;002 6=77:*6*67 7* =*6< 6 7*=< *7 *677< < 6=,@>=E,;>F5<67 H 7 D < G == <6 7-7 G =**6<6 <6* <*6 7 < < 6 002& 7 7:*6* =. *666 * & 7 < J= 6 =@ 7 = 2** < =* 7 < G == <6 7 6 >00 * H DDD == <6 7_>00C 6 7<7**< 3 7 ** < < < <@*=<<- = 7-6 <<<*6= = 6 = 7 << * = < *6=*@7*7<< < " = 77 E 5 77 >00F 7:*6*6 <6..2I *6 < 7* 3 6 < = E < F * 7 <&7 ** - 7* <. << :G - 7* <<6* = :/ 7 < 7* * -<<<@<7< <6 < H

82 3<<<==* & >*3 >3%2)'(2 $2 %%($ ('%'$ %'(3 %' -=*6<7 *<7 < - * * >00 *6 *=*<< < =* 6 < < E* 6 6 >.? 6F << - 7* < 6 << 7 *= =* 7 << =* E < % 5*F 5 : ( >*3= * )( %% "%: 3* 3) %3)2;3)3)2 % -=**<6-6*@ 6 < 6 <<7< 7 *=* * 7 *6*6 7:*6*6 7 4 = 7*6 *<=<7-7 7@ *6*6 7 < 2 = <67-* =* (737 =**O<< *6=*67 5( (>*3= ) (: & %() %33* - =* 6 6 7:*6* 6 2 7I7:*6*67 *67*=< 6< :*6*6 :*67*4 7@ *6 7 * <*= 477<7@*E7F 7= 6 < << 6 < =*- 7*=< 7I < 7 = 7*6 =*- 7I < < 7= =* H

83 5 (>*3= (D)(*%% "%: 3*3) %3) 2;3)3)2 % : %2 %%("&#& -=* =6=@@7*-=* 7*6=67 < 67=&=<4** 7**& 6@ N 66<<*6< = 6 =Q < 6 7* *P < EF = 7 E *P 7*F =&7 * = E < 67J 6 6 *6 7@ F-< ***=*<6*< 7@ 62<67<67 *677<6"*7* <*67:*6*67:*6*6 < <<=*6< 5#>(>*3=23>&:%%% : "% '&:% ('%(( ))* *%>))* '( *) % - = =* 6= << 7 << 7*=< 7 7 *6*6 7:*6*6 7 < 4 7 7< <6 * < 7@ *677 <<<- O 7I<6 6=7< - 7I *6 7J * = < 7-6 < N =* 7 * 6 6= *6 ; :7 *6) 7-6=<< 6 * 5 6 *6 7*:! 6 *6< 6= " <6 6 6 * K" < *677 * **67<5<76 6 * = H

84 4 :7* 5 6 6= ** 7* 7 4 7* 7 *677< 6= LI < ** 7:*6*6 < 6 4 :7* 5 < E> F 7 4 = :< E :IF E *6*6 7:*6*6 7 <F << = <<*4**7= *6 67 = 7:*6*6 <6 4*7@ <6=777*6*=* 6- :< < **. I < : < 6 < 66 3<7** 5 3 = =* < O 7< << << * 7 *6 < 4 < <* ==*@77@<*O < 3= : &' (>( % )( (( ' 3)2 "3)%)*(%('#&'"%()("% '%2 %% (%(&% ')>D ( : &'* * (D%% "'(% '%"% '3 3* "% ': &/ 3= *3* ((')*((;2 %#3( (@ 5*6 7:*6*6 <6 6 ** 7 < <6 7:*6*6 7 <6< -<.22< 7= 6 2 < << ** < *67 <6 =* 7:*6 <<<"O< =E 7<6 7:*6*67 <* *67 F *O E O*7F6 7:*6*67 <E 7.22F H%

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