Innovative technologies in agriculture and the potential for policy design and control

Innovative technologies in agriculture and the potential for policy design and control Tamme van der Wal 23 March 2017 - Brussel

Precision agriculture life cycle 2

Take away message Progress will be slow, if we let the late majority rule; EC should stimulate adoption of technology to benefit! (adoption numbers are lacking!!!) Policies can/must benefit from GNSS, EO, IoT and FMIS at the farm, in designing regulations and control; Do not isolate AGRI from CLIMA, ENV, SOIL, WATER etc. Policy Control Agriculture also has a lot to offer! 4

5 POSITIE en NAVIGATIE (TELE) DETECTIE REACTIEVE HANDELINGEN MACHINE GELEIDING STUURHULP LOCATIE AFWIJKINGEN KARTEREN SCOUTING GEWAS MONITORING OPBRENGST KARTERING PLAATSSPECIFIEKE HANDELING ZAAIEN /POTEN BODEM VERZORGING GEWAS VERZORGING AUTOMATISCH STUREN rijpaden kaart taak kaart oogst kaart biomassa kaart BODEM SCAN bodem kaart BODEM BEMONSTERING ROUTERING BODEMVOCHT MONITORING stikstof kaart ZIEKTE MONITORING WERKTUIG AANSTURING DATA VERWERKING TAAK RECEPTUUR DATA ONTSLUITING EXTERNE (OPEN) DATA tractor terminal mobiele apparaten MODELLEN BESLUITVORMINGS- ONDERSTEUNING VISUALISATIE BEREGENING TRACK & TRACE KARTERING perceels kaart overheid klanten adviseurs Apps leveranciers GNSS REACTING TECHNOLOGIES SENSORS (teledetection) DATA PROCESSING

PRECISION AGRICULTURE: 4 Key Technologies Innovating Farming: NAVIGATION: GNSS (GPS, GALILEO, GLONASS,. ) SENSORS: (Satellite EO, weather, soil, crop XYZ-T) DATA PROCESSING: (algorithms, databases, alerts) REACTING TECHNOLOGIES: (VRT, selective harvesting, ) 6

WHY ARE FARMERS INVESTING IN TECHNOLOGY? 7

Agricultural challenge: Double production with half the inputs larger farms; world market prices; decreasing agricultural area; efficiency Productivity per person Euro drop etc. And of course feed the world! 8

Climate challenge More flooding and water logging (heavier storms) More / longer droughts. 9

Societal Challenge green clean - lean Green: Maximise use of renewables Clean: zero emissions, minimised CP Lean: optimised to demand (no waste) 10

and earn a living 11

How can policies benefit from these investments? GNSS: LPIS / IACS can benefit from farmer measured boundaries. 12

Large scale agriculture in small scale landscape 13

Imagery courtesy of Ian Beecher Jones 14

FOTO: JEROEN VERSCHOORE 16

How can policies benefit from these investments? 21

How can policies benefit from these investments? Sensors: optimal management Farming Forensics 22

From full field to site specific nutrient mgt. 24

Biomassa index for the Netherlands 25

Grassland management (mowing) 26

PARCEL FORENSICS 27

Satellietfoto 8 maart 2016 28

Satellietfoto 11 mei 2016 29

Radarsatelliet ROOD: 18/5/2016 GROEN: 6/5/2016 BLAUW: 24/4/2016 30

Why is farmer uptake lagging behind? Complexity: knowledge gap, lack of standards, uncertainty of effects; Assymetric business case: Farmers invest, others take the benefits; Lack of data management models: ownership, protection, interference. In combination with risk aversion keeps farmers from moving. JRC Study on Adopter Profiles for MG, VRNT for reduction of GHG emissions. 31

How can policies benefit from these investments? Variable Rate Application what, when, how, where ISSUES?! 34

Sentinel-2A acquisitions 26-Sep - 1 Nov 2016 1 8 Sentinel-1A & 1B acquisitions 26-Sep - 1 Nov 2016 3 5 7 2 3 3 1 2 37

The farm and its environment

How can policies benefit from tech? GNSS: SENSORS: parcel boundaries, less overlap = less fuel; help farmers to proof their License to Operate ; Same sensors can be deployed for control if win win: reduced use = good for economy and ecology. policies fit to ability to measure / proof VRT: Assisting to do what/where/when legally ; AS IS situation can be again proof; DATA PROCESSING: direct exchange (re-use) of administrative data: enter once, use many ; Simplification: @Farm (1 st ) and @Admin 39

To wrap up: Progress will be slow, if we let the late majority rule; EC should stimulate adoption of technology to benefit! Policies can/must benefit from GNSS, EO, IoT and FMIS at the farm, in designing regulations and control; Do not isolate AGRI from CLIMA, ENV, SOIL, WATER etc. Policy Control Agriculture also has a lot to offer! 40

Thank you for your attention! Tamme van der Wal tamme.vanderwal@wur.nl 41