Methanisering voor Power to Gas: een case studie Methanisation for Power to Gas: a case study Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Hilde Vandecasteele 23 June 2009
Biogas upgrading Biological upgrading Assets for West-Flanders Casestudies Content of presentation
Biogas upgrading - composition Component Hoeveelheid Effect(en) CH 4 45 85 Vol% Energy carrier CO 2 25 50 Vol% Lowering caloric value Better methane number Can produce corrosive hydrogencarbonate in combination with water. H 2 S 0 2 Vol% Corrosive Highly damaging to motor SO 2 < 0,1 Vol% Noxious emission N 2 O 0 5 Vol% Lowering motor preformance Waterdamp 1 5 Vol% Corrosion Dangerous when freezing O 2 0 2 Vol% Explosive N 2 0 2 Vol% Inert siloxanen 0 50 mg/m³ Abrasive depositions of SiO 2 stofdeeltjes Clugs pipes, etc
Biogas upgrading Three Strategies 1. Removing the CO2 2. Addition of reduced substrates in the reactor 3. Additional post-methanation (chemical of biological)
Biological upgrading - Partial pressure Law of Henry: p = k h *c Henry-constants biogas components: CO2 0.35 mol/kg*mpa NH3 610 mol/kg*mpa H2 0.0078 mol/kg*mpa CH4 0.014 mol/kg*mpa
Biological upgrading direct H2 injection (strategy 2) Strevett et al. 1995 Luo et al. 2011 Casier, 2012 Voets (2013) onderzoek HOWEST How to inject H2 is the problem due to low solubility
Biological upgrading specific reactor (strategy 3) Cfr. Syngas (CO en H2) research preformed CSRT looks the most logical (Rittmann et al. 2013) 3 cases Electrochaea Krajete MicrobEnergy
Biological upgrading
Assets for (West)-Flanders
Assets of (West)-Flanders Biogasinstallation Municipality Installed power Permit capacity (ton/a) (kwe) Agrikracht Moorslede Moorslede 1.486 48.000 Agrikracht Rumbeke Rumbeke 835 35.000 Ampower Egem 7.445 180.000 Barts Potato Company Vleteren 1.666 60.000 Bio-Electric bvba Beernem 2.461 60.000 Biomass Center (Ieper) bvba Ieper 2.085 50.000 Digrom Energy nv Ardooie 1.486 44.000 IVVO Ieper 1.408 50.000 Leiestroom nv Menen 4.500 95.000 Senergho bvba Hooglede 1.064 45.000 Shanks Vlaanderen Roeselare 4.024 40.000 Veurne Snack Foods Veurne 732 7.500 Waterleau New Energy Ieper 3.192 120.000
Nutrient issues for West-Flanders
Technical-economical model: 2 scenario s Buffering of hydrogen Casestudy Selection of feasible sites:
Casestudy- Calculations (model)
Casestudy- Calculations (model) Input Elektrolyse Elektriciteit inname van net draaiuren/jaar (elektrolyser) draaiuren (waterstofbuffer) draaiuren/jaar (methanatie) draaiuren/jaar (vergister biogas) specifiek grondgebruik elektrolyse specifiek grondgebruik methanatie grootte elektrolyser ogenblikkelijke waterstofproductie zuurstofproductie waterbehoefte elektrolyser watertransport met gas totaal energie inname/jaar totaal waterstof/jaar totaal zuurstof/jaar totaal waterbehoefte/jaar grondgebruik elektrolyse Waterstofbuffer Methanatie gemiddeld daggebruik buffer technische buffer gemiddelde waterstofoutput gebufferde waterstof grootte methanatie unit waterproductie methanatie methaanproductie uit waterstof koolstofdioxide voor methanatie waterstof niet omgezet koolstofdioxide niet omgezet biogas aanvoer voor methanatie niet omgezet gas in methanatie zuiverheid gas uit methanatie Onderdeel CAPEX OPEX Elektrolyse 1000 /kw 4,5% van CAPEX Waterstofbuffer 44 /Nm³ 0,04494 /Nm³ Methanatie 500 /Nm³ reactor 10% van CAPEX Voorbereidingskosten werken 5% investering n.v.t. Inkomsten Methaan 0,535 /Nm³ Zuurstof 0,8 /Nm³
Casestudy- Calculations (model) Economical goals set: Debt/equity = 75/25 IRR = 12% Loan = 10 years Outcome: electricity price
Casestudy - Hydrogen buffering Off peak production 100 50 0 0 6 12 18 24 Price ( /MWh) 50 100 150 200 250 Time (h) June 16 2013 October 19 2013 December 31 2013
Casestudy - Scenario 1: Decentralized 650 Nm³/h biogas (60% CH4) No buffer 2/3 buffer electrolyser 6000 kw 18000 kw Instant hydrogen 1083 Nm³/h 3251 Nm³/h production Oxygen production 541 Nm³/h 1625 Nm³/h Methane production 261Nm³/h from H 2 Reactor volume 1390 m³ CAPEX 7.172.965 20.980.706 OPEX 4.211.957 in year1 4.787.464 in year 1 Income 5.023.354 in year 1 5.023.354 in year 1 Electricity price cap 0,07323 /kwh 0,02707 /kwh
Casestudy - Scenario 2: Centralized 2000 Nm³/h biogas (60% CH4) Scale advantage: 10% No buffer 2/3 buffer electrolyser 18250 kw 54750 kw Instant hydrogen 3297 Nm³/h 9890 Nm³/h production Oxygen production 1648 Nm³/h 4945 Nm³/h Methane production 795 Nm³/h from H 2 Reactor volume 4228 m³ CAPEX 19.834.336 58.014.831 OPEX 13.035.732 in year 1 8.716.799 in year 1 Income 15.279.368 in year 1 15.279.368 in year 1 Electricity price cap 0,08279 /kwh 0,03663 /kwh
Selection of feasible sites Location Installed wind power (MW) Installed solar power (installations >10kW) (MW) Roeselare-Beveren 4 MWe Izegem: 12,6 13,7 Izegem: 2,6 Menen 4,5 MWe 4,6 7,5 Ieper 6,6 MWe 20,7 9,1 Pittem 7,45 MWe 0 2,5
Casestudy - Selection of feasible sites Roeselare Ieper
Shanks Vlaanderen Next to Mandel river 4 Mwe 587 Nm²/h biogas 32,5% CO2 Casestudy - Roeselare
Fairly the same as scenario 1 Casestudy - Roeselare No buffer 2/3 buffer electrolyser 4400 kw 13200 kw Instant hydrogen 795 Nm³/h 2385 Nm³/h production Oxygen production 397 Nm³/h 1192 Nm³/h Methane production 192Nm³/h from H 2 Reactor volume 641 m³ CAPEX 5.026.310 15.081.986 OPEX 3.115.222 in jaar 1 1.977.736 in jaar 1 Income 3.683.793 in jaar 1 3.683.793 in jaar 1 Electricity price cap 0,07447 /kwh 0,02860 /kwh
Biomass Center Ieper 2,1 Mwe Waterleau 3,1 Mwe IVVO 1,4 Mwe Casestudy - Ieper 900 Nm³/h biogas 40% CO2 - estimated
Casestudy - Ieper Smaller then scenario 2 Scale advantage: 4,5% No buffer 2/3 buffer electrolyser 8250 kw 24750 kw Instant hydrogen 1490 Nm³/h 4470 Nm³/h production Oxygen production 745 Nm³/h 2235 Nm³/h Methane production 360 Nm³/h from H 2 Reactor volume 1911 m³ CAPEX 9.438.112 27.606.193 OPEX 5.839.483 in jaar 1 3.784.331 in jaar 1 Income 6.907.111 in jaar 1 6.907.111 in jaar 1 Electricity price cap 0,07753 /kwh 0,03137 /kwh
General SWOT Strenghts Staffed and experienced personnel in biological processes Cluster: risk spreading, scale advantage, input/output flexibility Opportunities Increasing power of solar and wind Good natural gas grid Available fleet for biomethane valorization Market changes adding flexibility Weaknesses Bad investment climate in biogas sector Long term strategies missing in most biogas companies Costs of electrolysis Market readiness Land use Threats Competition for other hydrogen purposes Competition with fysicochemical biogas upgrading Cluster: internal competition, crossing public domain
University of Ghent - LiWet www.biogas-e.be Jonathan De Mey jonathan.demey@ugent.be jonathan.de.mey@biogas-e.be +32(0)476509253 QUESTIONS?