Methane production Biomass digestion An industrial approach for Sustainable Energy

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1 Methane production Biomass digestion An industrial approach for Sustainable Energy Johan F. M. Raap Et al. Royal Cosun CFTC 1

2 discussie Wat is definitie ven energie neutraal?? Is definitie van de keten wel duidelijk?? 2

3 Methaan is een goede brandstof 38 MJ/m o 3 (H 2 = 11 MJ) 25 % H en 75 % C (in weight) Petrol 13,5 % en 85,5 Diesel oil 13,5 en 86,5 LPG 17,4 en 82,6 3

4 Methaan is een goede brandstof Reduced CO 2 emission Lower noise Lower NOx, CO, PT, NMHC Number of km per ha 4

5 Suiker Unie Part of Royal Cosun 2 sugar factories in NL ; Groningen and Dinteloord 2 facilities for consumer products ; Roosendaal and Puttershoek 1 factory in D ; Anklam (sugar and bio-ethanol) 5

6 Dinteloord 6

7 Vierverlaten Hoogkerk (gem. Groningen) Foto VV fabriek

8 figures Campaign: September - January Beet processing approx. 5, ton Sugar ton water discharge approx m 3 8

9 From beet to sugar Biet mooi 9

10 outline beet processing water treatment beet washing diffusion juicepurification evaporation crystallisation SUGAR wash circuit MR settling beet soil surplus condensate water cooling waterpurification 10 soilstorage carbon-source aerobic treatment Discharge to surface water

11 Bietenpulp Smulpulp! 11

12 Water purification Destruction of energy, costs energy Aerobic costs 1-2 MJe/kg ΔTOD Also Cosun searches for improvement Anaerobic delivers 12 MJ/kg ΔCOD Anaerobic = 2 * CO 2 reduction 12

13 Energy watertreatment Waterpurification - 2,4 MJe/ton beet Methane production + 30,0 MJ/ton beet 13

14 MRn VV 14

15 Bouw MRn SUD 2009 focus = energie 15

16 Adding biogas to chp is sustainable, but due to (inaccurate) legislation (in 2004) financially not profitable. Today also discussions definitie WK installatie in de Elektriciteitswet

17 Aerobic purification Conventional methods (aeration / mixing / settling) using activated sludge Focus on the N input [ kg per day ] Aeration aimed for N-oxidation Avoid COD oxidation by oxygen Respect for today- NO 3 reduction by COD 17

18 Challenge Decrease COD/N ratio in aerobic purification and operate it with small deviation Maintain effluent discharge standards Interaction between methane production and purification (aerobic) 18

19 Pilot-research N-purification 19

20 Low-Energy NH 3 purification N+P fixatie plural focus is necessary 20

21 Benutting water extern nutriënten Suikerfabriek water (glas) tuinbouw Zie water als verpakkingsmateriaal warmte nutriënten bicarbonaat 21

22 Foto biet kampioen CO2 vangen 22

23 Pulp verwerken GMP mest Smulpulp digestaat mest 23

24 Artificial fertilizer, containing Zn + Cd 24

25 Harvesting beets (current practice) 25

26 Harvesting beets (future perspective) 26

27 Juridical : use of nutrients in an internal farm cycle 27

28 Juridical : use of nutrients in an external farm cycle 28

29 Bietenverdeling Vierverlaten = ca 200 ha biet (2008) Dinteloord 29

30 30

31 COSUN oogst de zon The Unbeatable Beet 31

32 Volledig benutten mineralenkringloop Bemesting suikerbieten: stikstof, kalium, fosfor Nieuw bietenloof vergisten digestaat zonder emissie naar bodem, (oppervlakte)water en lucht Suikerbieten suiker voeding energie bietenpulp veevoeding organische mest Betacal kalkmeststof Nieuw bietenresten vergisten Compost Groene meststof 32

33 THM Water components = energy Water not only volume, but also packing material Think in chains Need for clear guidelines policy and regulations on headlines from remedy- towards target- prescription 33

34 Toekomst Waterbehandeling : Naast energiefabriek ook nutrientfabriek 34

35 stellingen Overheden, en overheidsgedreven organisaties moeten wegblijven van subsidies als MEP en SDE Heffing op directe lozing moet verlaten worden, vooral ook met het oog op zuivere vergunningverlening in EKRW kader zero discharge is een mode term. Het gaat om de ecologische benadering Ook waterhergebruik is soms een mode term. Beoordeel dat financieel / energetisch / milieukundig 35

36 The water footprint of bioenergy 36 (Gerbens-Leenes et al., 2009)

37 and...the biet goes on it must go on..., Thanks for your attention 37