Smart Grids Flanders. Demand Side Management

Transcriptie

1 Smart Grids Flanders Demand Side Management 22 Januari

2 Inhoud Inleiding : enkele dia s over Smart Grids Wat wordt bedoeld met Smart Grids? (een vrije vertaling op BASF) Energiemarkt en de site Paradigmawissel en Doel Smart Grids Smart Grids : Theorie voor de site? 2

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5 SmartGrids Multi-directional flows End user real time Information & participation Seamless integration of new applications Central & dispersed intelligence Smart materials and power electronics Central & dispersed sources 5

6 Challenges for 2020 and beyond 50GW of wind power in the North? Micro- generation in millions of homes? Smart Grids will be needed to ensure supply security, connect and operate clean and sustainable energy, and give value for money Customer Interaction and Intelligent Appliances Ackgt TechFreep plus wind variation / cloud cover / customer choice 30GW of solar power in the South? New DC Links and Interconnections 6

7 Drivers towards a smart grid Regulation of Monopolies Primary Energy Sources Innovation and Competitiveness Reliability and Quality Low Prices And Efficiency Capacity Environment Nature Preservation Climate Change 7 Kyoto and Post-Kyoto

8 Smart Grids : Een definitie What is a SmartGrid? A SmartGrid is an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies. A SmartGrid employs innovative products and services together with intelligent monitoring, control, communication, and self-healing technologies to: better facilitate the connection and operation of generators of all sizes and technologies; allow consumers to play a part in optimizing the operation of the system; provide consumers with greater information and choice of supply; => Energy awareness significantly reduce the environmental impact of the whole electricity supply system; deliver enhanced levels of reliability and security of supply. SmartGrids deployment must include not only technology, market and commercial considerations, environmental impact, regulatory framework, standardization usage, ICT (Information & Communication Technology) and migration strategy but also societal requirements and governmental edicts. Bron : Energy Ville 8

9 Smart Grids : Zwaartepunten naar de site What is a SmartGrid? A SmartGrid is an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies. A SmartGrid employs innovative products and services together with intelligent monitoring, control, communication, and self-healing technologies to: better facilitate the connection and operation of generators of all sizes and technologies; allow consumers to play a part in optimizing the operation of the system; provide consumers with greater information and choice of supply; => Energy awareness significantly reduce the environmental impact of the whole electricity supply system; deliver enhanced levels of reliability and security of supply. SmartGrids deployment must include not only technology, market and commercial considerations, environmental impact, regulatory framework, standardization usage, ICT (Information & Communication Technology) and migration strategy but also societal requirements and governmental edicts. Bron : Energy Ville 9

10 Wat wordt bedoeld met Smart Grids? Smart 1. Informatie Smart metering 2. Communicatie 2 richtingen Informatie naar netbeheerder/markt Signaal van het netbeheerder/markt naar gebruiker 3. Prijssignaal Te veel energie : lage prijs of (zeer) negatieve prijs Te weinig energie : (zeer) hoge prijs 10

11 Wat wordt bedoeld met Smart Grids? Grids : Verbinding tussen opwekking of bron en verbruiker Elektriciteitsnet Publiek (ELIA, Eandis, ) Industrieel : Gesloten Distributienet (GDN, CDS) Gasnet Publiek (Fluxys) Industrieel Gesloten Distributienet (GDN, CDS) : gas Warmte (Stoomnet, Koudenet) Capaciteit : voldoende of te weinig (congestie) 11

12 Wat wordt bedoeld met Smart Grids? Opwekking/Bron Klassiek : gas-, kolen-, bruinkool-, kerncentrale : stuurbaar Regeneratief : waterkracht (stuwmeer) : stuurbaar Regeneratief : zon, wind : niet stuurbaar Gas (~-opslag) Exotherm proces (stoom) Capaciteit : Te veel ( Incompressibiliteit) Gepast Te weinig ( Braun/Black out) 12

13 Wat wordt bedoeld met Smart Grids? Verbruiker Residentieel/Commercieel/Industrieel/Transport Elektriciteit/Gas/Warmte/Koude Opslag (pompcentrale, perslucht, watervat, opslagtank, gasopslag, eindprodukt, ) Capaciteit : Gegeven? of Stuurbaar? 13

14 Smart Grids Energiemarkt en site Energiemarkt : geliberaliseerd voor elektriciteit en gas Regulering Grids Vrije markt energie op de Grids Verbundsite Integratie tussen verschillende produktie-eenheden zowel voor produkten als voor energie 12 verschillende partners on site ca. 3,2 mio MWh Zeer vlak afnameprofiel CDS en Werking Energiemarkt 14

15 Markets and regulation: Before 3rd Energy Package Generation-Grid-Clients-Industrial Regulated Free Market G Generation G GenCo GenCo GenCo Transmission TransCo DistCo DistCo BASF G Distribution Clients Generation G Industrial BASF Clients Clients Industrial 15

16 Markets and regulation: Before 3rd Energy Package Generation-Grid-Clients-Industrial Market Market price Electricity Accesspoint Elia grid Access to grid + Access to Market BASF internal grid 150 kv BASF internal grid at different voltage levels Zandvliet Power natural gas BASF & Third Parties Windmills 16

17 Markets and regulation: After 3rd Energy Package Generation-Grid-Clients-Industrial CDS- Regulated regulated Free Market G Generation G GenCo GenCo GenCo Transmission TransCo DistCo DistCo BASF-CDS Distribution Industrial Clients Clients TPA1 n G Clients Generation G BASF 17

18 Markets and regulation: After 3rd Energy Package Generation-Grid-Clients-Industrial Market CREG Market price Electricity Accesspoint Elia grid Access to grid + Access to Market VREG BASF internal grid 150 kv CDS-Accesspoint : Access to CDS-grid BASF internal grid at different voltage levels Zandvliet Power natural gas BASF & Third Parties Windmills

19 Markets and regulation: After 3rd Energy Package Generation-Grid-Clients-Industrial Market Market price Electricity Accesspoint Elia grid Access to grid BASF internal grid 150 kv BASF internal grid at different voltage levels Zandvliet Power natural gas CDS-Accesspoint 1: Access to CDS-grid CDS-Accesspoint 2: Access to Market, different suppliers BASF & Third Parties Windmills 19

20 Markets and regulation: Energy on Grid Free Market : Dynamic system Grid = Transfertable of energymarket Grid = Regulated Regulator + Grid = Rules of the game Subscription Allocation CDS-Access&Connection Dataflow Certificates Levies Forward Nomination D-1 Belpex Intraday Unbalance D+1 Merchant Producers Free Clients ARP/Trader/ Access Holder/CDSO Public Grid : Regulated CDS : CDS-Regulated 20

21 Markets and regulation: Energy on Grid Free Market : Dynamic system Grid = Transfertable of energymarket Grid = Regulated Regulator + Grid = Rules of the game Connection-holder Access-holder CDS-Connection-holder CDS-Access-holder TPA-Access Suppliers Trader Aggregator ARP s Hub Producers Free Clients ARP/Trader/ Access Holder/CDSO Public Grid : Regulated CDS : CDS-Regulated 21

22 Energiemarkt Wijziging stroomproduktie en uitdagingen Winter geen wind : 4000 MW tekort Zomer veel wind: 4000 MW schommeling op korte tijd Verhoogde markt volatiliteit, gewijzigde productie patronen: integratie hernieuwbare energiebronnen snelheid van MW shift Uitdaging = balancering: integratie van flexibele power plants vergoeding voor flexibele capaciteiten Source: CREG - Elia 22

23 Doel Smart Grids Paradigma wissel Vraaggedreven (opwekking wordt aangepast aan de vraag) naar Opwekkingsgedreven (vraag wordt aangepast aan de opwekking) Doel van Smart Grids : Paradigmawissel met laagste total cost realiseren Produktie-overinstallatie vermijden (bv. Klassieke reservecapaciteit beperken) Netuitbouw beperken Afname verhogen bij te veel produktie (bv. Elektriciteit naar warmte) Afname verhogen bij netcongestie (bv. Locaal lagere prijs). 23

24 Wat is nodig voor de paradigmawissel? Flexibiliteit (Elektriciteits-)produktiekant op en afregelen Vraagkant flexibiliteit energieopslag Van elektriciteit naar andere nuttige vorm Eventueel terug naar elektriciteit Economisch zinvol Waarde van de flexibiliteit Wat zit er in voor de aanbieder van flexibiliteit? Flexibiliteit bereikbaar maken Werking van de markt Drempel : kennisintensief/kostenintensief Eenvoudige produkten voor de aanbieder van de flexibiliteit noodzakelijk 24

25 Smart Grids : Theorie voor de site? Flexibiliteit en Waarde/Kost van (in-)flexibiliteit : -200 /MWh >+400 /MWh VPP (Virtual Power Plant) Endotherm proces Hoeveelheid produkt ( ) stoomafname ( ) Dus Elektriciteitsproduktie ( ) in ZVP Incentive Opslag van energie in warmte/produkt 25