Methanisering voor Power to Gas: een case studie Methanisation for Power to Gas: a case study

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1 Methanisering voor Power to Gas: een case studie Methanisation for Power to Gas: a case study Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Hilde Vandecasteele 23 June 2009

2 Biogas upgrading Biological upgrading Assets for West-Flanders Casestudies Content of presentation

3 Biogas upgrading - composition Component Hoeveelheid Effect(en) CH Vol% Energy carrier CO Vol% Lowering caloric value Better methane number Can produce corrosive hydrogencarbonate in combination with water. H 2 S 0 2 Vol% Corrosive Highly damaging to motor SO 2 < 0,1 Vol% Noxious emission N 2 O 0 5 Vol% Lowering motor preformance Waterdamp 1 5 Vol% Corrosion Dangerous when freezing O Vol% Explosive N Vol% Inert siloxanen 0 50 mg/m³ Abrasive depositions of SiO 2 stofdeeltjes Clugs pipes, etc

4 Biogas upgrading Three Strategies 1. Removing the CO2 2. Addition of reduced substrates in the reactor 3. Additional post-methanation (chemical of biological)

5 Biological upgrading - Partial pressure Law of Henry: p = k h *c Henry-constants biogas components: CO mol/kg*mpa NH3 610 mol/kg*mpa H mol/kg*mpa CH mol/kg*mpa

6 Biological upgrading direct H2 injection (strategy 2) Strevett et al Luo et al Casier, 2012 Voets (2013) onderzoek HOWEST How to inject H2 is the problem due to low solubility

7 Biological upgrading specific reactor (strategy 3) Cfr. Syngas (CO en H2) research preformed CSRT looks the most logical (Rittmann et al. 2013) 3 cases Electrochaea Krajete MicrobEnergy

8 Biological upgrading

9 Assets for (West)-Flanders

10 Assets of (West)-Flanders Biogasinstallation Municipality Installed power Permit capacity (ton/a) (kwe) Agrikracht Moorslede Moorslede Agrikracht Rumbeke Rumbeke Ampower Egem Barts Potato Company Vleteren Bio-Electric bvba Beernem Biomass Center (Ieper) bvba Ieper Digrom Energy nv Ardooie IVVO Ieper Leiestroom nv Menen Senergho bvba Hooglede Shanks Vlaanderen Roeselare Veurne Snack Foods Veurne Waterleau New Energy Ieper

11 Nutrient issues for West-Flanders

12 Technical-economical model: 2 scenario s Buffering of hydrogen Casestudy Selection of feasible sites:

13 Casestudy- Calculations (model)

14 Casestudy- Calculations (model) Input Elektrolyse Elektriciteit inname van net draaiuren/jaar (elektrolyser) draaiuren (waterstofbuffer) draaiuren/jaar (methanatie) draaiuren/jaar (vergister biogas) specifiek grondgebruik elektrolyse specifiek grondgebruik methanatie grootte elektrolyser ogenblikkelijke waterstofproductie zuurstofproductie waterbehoefte elektrolyser watertransport met gas totaal energie inname/jaar totaal waterstof/jaar totaal zuurstof/jaar totaal waterbehoefte/jaar grondgebruik elektrolyse Waterstofbuffer Methanatie gemiddeld daggebruik buffer technische buffer gemiddelde waterstofoutput gebufferde waterstof grootte methanatie unit waterproductie methanatie methaanproductie uit waterstof koolstofdioxide voor methanatie waterstof niet omgezet koolstofdioxide niet omgezet biogas aanvoer voor methanatie niet omgezet gas in methanatie zuiverheid gas uit methanatie Onderdeel CAPEX OPEX Elektrolyse 1000 /kw 4,5% van CAPEX Waterstofbuffer 44 /Nm³ 0,04494 /Nm³ Methanatie 500 /Nm³ reactor 10% van CAPEX Voorbereidingskosten werken 5% investering n.v.t. Inkomsten Methaan 0,535 /Nm³ Zuurstof 0,8 /Nm³

15 Casestudy- Calculations (model) Economical goals set: Debt/equity = 75/25 IRR = 12% Loan = 10 years Outcome: electricity price

16 Casestudy - Hydrogen buffering Off peak production Price ( /MWh) Time (h) June October December

17 Casestudy - Scenario 1: Decentralized 650 Nm³/h biogas (60% CH4) No buffer 2/3 buffer electrolyser 6000 kw kw Instant hydrogen 1083 Nm³/h 3251 Nm³/h production Oxygen production 541 Nm³/h 1625 Nm³/h Methane production 261Nm³/h from H 2 Reactor volume 1390 m³ CAPEX OPEX in year in year 1 Income in year in year 1 Electricity price cap 0,07323 /kwh 0,02707 /kwh

18 Casestudy - Scenario 2: Centralized 2000 Nm³/h biogas (60% CH4) Scale advantage: 10% No buffer 2/3 buffer electrolyser kw kw Instant hydrogen 3297 Nm³/h 9890 Nm³/h production Oxygen production 1648 Nm³/h 4945 Nm³/h Methane production 795 Nm³/h from H 2 Reactor volume 4228 m³ CAPEX OPEX in year in year 1 Income in year in year 1 Electricity price cap 0,08279 /kwh 0,03663 /kwh

19 Selection of feasible sites Location Installed wind power (MW) Installed solar power (installations >10kW) (MW) Roeselare-Beveren 4 MWe Izegem: 12,6 13,7 Izegem: 2,6 Menen 4,5 MWe 4,6 7,5 Ieper 6,6 MWe 20,7 9,1 Pittem 7,45 MWe 0 2,5

20 Casestudy - Selection of feasible sites Roeselare Ieper

21 Shanks Vlaanderen Next to Mandel river 4 Mwe 587 Nm²/h biogas 32,5% CO2 Casestudy - Roeselare

22 Fairly the same as scenario 1 Casestudy - Roeselare No buffer 2/3 buffer electrolyser 4400 kw kw Instant hydrogen 795 Nm³/h 2385 Nm³/h production Oxygen production 397 Nm³/h 1192 Nm³/h Methane production 192Nm³/h from H 2 Reactor volume 641 m³ CAPEX OPEX in jaar in jaar 1 Income in jaar in jaar 1 Electricity price cap 0,07447 /kwh 0,02860 /kwh

23 Biomass Center Ieper 2,1 Mwe Waterleau 3,1 Mwe IVVO 1,4 Mwe Casestudy - Ieper 900 Nm³/h biogas 40% CO2 - estimated

24 Casestudy - Ieper Smaller then scenario 2 Scale advantage: 4,5% No buffer 2/3 buffer electrolyser 8250 kw kw Instant hydrogen 1490 Nm³/h 4470 Nm³/h production Oxygen production 745 Nm³/h 2235 Nm³/h Methane production 360 Nm³/h from H 2 Reactor volume 1911 m³ CAPEX OPEX in jaar in jaar 1 Income in jaar in jaar 1 Electricity price cap 0,07753 /kwh 0,03137 /kwh

25 General SWOT Strenghts Staffed and experienced personnel in biological processes Cluster: risk spreading, scale advantage, input/output flexibility Opportunities Increasing power of solar and wind Good natural gas grid Available fleet for biomethane valorization Market changes adding flexibility Weaknesses Bad investment climate in biogas sector Long term strategies missing in most biogas companies Costs of electrolysis Market readiness Land use Threats Competition for other hydrogen purposes Competition with fysicochemical biogas upgrading Cluster: internal competition, crossing public domain

26 University of Ghent - LiWet Jonathan De Mey jonathan.demey@ugent.be jonathan.de.mey@biogas-e.be +32(0) QUESTIONS?