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'7. D + 8" 0? % 3,5E-09 3,0E-09 2,5E-09 2,0E-09 1,5E-09 1,0E-09 5,0E-10 Life support Biodiv. Ter. Vermesting Aq. Vermesting Verzuring Humane tox. Ecotox.terr. Ecotox. water Smogvorming Ozonlaag aant. Broeikaseffect Abiotische uitp 0,0E+00 BASISSCENARIO SCENARIO MET 98% BORSTELEN SCENARIO MET 98% HEET WATER SCENARIO MET 98% BRANDEN <657765 86+5 + " 0? %9"0%:&05?6+765,7. 55@,7.+5&/,6* +7657 5& / G+ +56790/" :7,,+ 55 5, 6=B F (&0 55 +,&"+ $+@D?6 7655?+ 55 567 *+*5 55?7?6 +7657=B+,+ 67 9?* 7+ 67:* 75 +?6&7+ + 557 777*&0, 5, +=#D?6 7?7+ *??6+ &?, +B/ 7?6+A/( 5*,,,7&076+=B 8& 07+7+ 5*,7 &0+7?67) D+7+,+ 5+ 7E D+7+,+ 7,5* 9?,7.:E D+7+,+7, +,,E D+7+ $+@D+7 675& 07+7? 5556577?6@, +7+ 7+ 8& I
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aft & Staats. Beslisfactoren voor onkruidbestrijding op verhardingen. IVAM, Amsterdam, 2002
,,9=#D:++ 7, &0?77+?6 7 & "6+ 7+,,+ &0+7 * +7=B?67L+ * 765+&?6, ++,,77+&077+?6,57=B,,75+ 7,*7,+5&06+ 7 +,?6 9G6 7,:&?,9 &:?67+ &>75 & 75 5+?9?7+ * 5 :,=#D?6 77++ 8&0+?,5,*657+ L &D7++ 8?67 7 +* 7 5+5,* 5 5 *75 &"6*57 7+?+?6?6,*65&$7 5 +7&?6 5+ 7 *?77 77 + +5 * & >* +?=#D 7+ 7 77+5 9=B, : + 8& 7+ +*7 7, 7+ + &<7 7,7+ 6++ 5675+ +*77?,&0*+7, + + 5?* 765L&?=#D 89 +F & :7 +6*,++*77*! *75 77+=B 76?6, + 77++, 8& >, + 5 +*57 7+ B". &0, + *57* 7* +7+,?6+*57 7?&0, + B".+*577 *65+7+,+ &0 7+ +,A/(* +, **77 7?6&0 7+77,?6+7+? 77& > 57, +.A+ H?,?&A/(,+75* +65 7&57?6, 7 +*57+7+ 25!&<7+5, 7 I25!6 + & 7 +7+ + 5!& 365?6+77=B ) "?75975:),75?+?E 0759 :),75?+ E "?759?:),75?+* 5? 7E 2 Ecoinvent-database voor LCA v.1.01, 2004 3 CBS e.a. Methoden voor de berekening van emissies door mobiele bronnen in Nederland t.b.v. Emissiemonitor, jaarcijfers 2001 en raming 2002. Rapportagereeks MilieuMonitor, Nr. 13, februari 2004 4 website Duurzaam Inkopen, Werktuigen en Gereedschappen.
0759* :),75?+ 777 E =#D9 :),75?+ =#D& >, ++,,97 @,:?? =#D * 5 9777 : B/ H H A/ ( 2 2 H.,9#: H H II /.9 : H 2 I /.9 : H HH H B/ I2 HI./ HI A / 2 a =B5 75*,7&<75? +,+?7&0+ 765+???* 5+7, 9G:+ *7&"6,,?,575?&>* 7, + +,+?,,++ + /.+?,,+5& 7+7 565*++ 7A/(,,9, :6 + 7+?+ 7?* +7 +*7+5& 7B".* 6777?* ++*7+57+, 7 +7*& <? 65?6?5+?,7 ++, *57+ =B&<5 7+ *5 + 5+ + *5 55 7& >+ +7=B*B=5 575 7 77&.?6977: +77+?*7& < (*?7&0+ + 6?, + ( F *?6+?,* 6+ 7 +7+& # 5 57,,7+ 3.>.=B 7+,5(77 &0?7?67 67&/ 5, 5 *,,75 57,,7* &??"7# %=B757+7+ &05 + +@,?* 65 7+ 8&> 765? 5+? 77777 =B? >3.>.77+ 7+ + &=B+ 7654 78+7+ 5 7& 5 aminomethylfosfonzuur
/ #67+ 7, 6 765 *7?*57+77 7+ #&0 #B%"9 +75+ /: 7, + (77,&<+765* B%"5 #5++ *69 :%* +7, #+765?6922+65 µ7@:& 0=B, 7+,, 79+: +7657+,,* 6765+&?* 65 + # 77,5 5577+ 5 57, & +75 57, + B# I 7 &0 77 *,7%* + µ7@&"6,7+ 5 57, * 77 + ( + Hµ7@&>7577 + B#&0+5 +?&>?6* *6?7? 8+ F 7 +5+& 7 7+&! * 5 7?6 +?+,,+,, ++? +,,=B*7 + 5 +?& H& + * + 7+ 7 + * +,,A77&?* * 7 6 2& +7+ @H757 5+ =B7. #9+I&:& 6 2-methyl-4-chloorfenozyazijnzuur
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nformatie Kris Leemans, Monsanto, 2005 8 Spijker & Hoksbergen. Onkruidbestrijding op verhardingen in de gemeente IJsselstein. Wageningen, 1999 9 Sluijsmans & Drijver. Terugdringen van het gebruik van chemische onkruidbestrijdingsmiddelen op verhardingen met behulp van een detectie-spuittechniek. 1996 10 Kempenaar et al. Quantitative evaluation of liquid deposition by herbicide application systems for weed control on hard surfaces. PRI bv, Wageningen, 2002, nota 52 (tabel 3) H
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ls gemiddelde van eerdere studies waarin 80-100% (Bestrijdingsmiddelendatabank. CTB, Wageningen, 2001) respectievelijk 12-23% (Beltman et al. Afspoeling van amitrol, atrazine en glyfosaat vanaf een betonklinker-verharding. Alterra, Wageningen, 2001) afspoeling wordt aangegeven. 12 Rooy, M. de en Beltman, W. Afspoeling van bestrijdingsmiddelen vanaf verhardingen. H 2 O, 16-2003, p 33-35 13 Waterschap Zuiderzeeland. Chemische onkruidbestrijding op straatverharding in Lelystad, Dronten en Urk. Onderzoek naar de gevolgen van de DOB-methode voor de oppervlaktewaterkwaliteit in 2003 en 2004. Rapport ZZL/WSI/2005-08, Lelystad, april 2005
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http://www.ctb.agro.nl/ctb_files/06483_11.html, download 9 mei 2005 15 Withagen et al. Resultaten monitoring afspoeling glyfosaat en AMPA en waarnemingen van onkruidbeelden in zeven proefgemeenten (voor- en najaar 2003). Plant Reseach International, waterschap Hollandse Delta, nota 297, maart 2004 16 Staats, N., Faasen, R. en Kalf, D.K. AMPA: inventarisatie van bronnen in Nederland. IVAM / RIZA, 2002 17 RIZA (Dennis Kalf). Memo over riooltypen, 2 juni 2005 18 Deze berekening is gebaseerd op hydraulische debieten. De vracht glyfosaat is wellicht anders verdeeld omdat de eerste regenwaterafvoer van een Vgs meer glyfosaat bevat dan latere regenwaterafvoeren. Anderzijds wordt hier geen rekening gehouden met rechtstreeks overstorten. Aangenomen is dat deze overschatting resp. onderschatting elkaar opheffen. I
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zuiveringsschap Hollands Eilanden en Waarden, thans geïntegreerd in waterschap Hollandse Delta
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onitoring onkruidbestrijding op verhardingen in Aalten, Arnhem, Tiel Utrecht in 2004 (4 afzonderlijke rapporten). EcoConsult, Dieren, Januari - Juni 2005
7++ 7 7?=B * 5 *5 + &A 57** 7++ HI &/ **7 + 7 7567?6* 77 + +5+ I,*I &$ +, &<7+5++* 7 77 + I ; 5;+5 & %7+577+ 65* +* + H O;@57@C&/297 * +5:* +* + RBI ;77&"6+ 7* ++ H;@57657*+ 57@?7,,L+ G 7+5 H& 3 + 76 < D9+! >5:65 * + I +5* + 59:7?6++*7 +7++* 7&057+57+ +& 0++ +* 7*7 H6,&0 7*+75+75, & & '# "675+ 5 *+7+77& *5 55* 7 *5+ &+7 75?+ * *57 7&0 5 * 5 75?6&, 5*757 5+ &0?5 + +?6& 0,,++ 55657757765 *?7&0*5 55* 5 7 6,+?77 5779? :& 0,+ 5,=#D?6& 565*+ 5=#D75&< +57 57=#D&07 + @&<=#D+5 57 & 0++ +5+5& 7 6 7 5+7?+ +G,& 0*57 7,7 +5+ &0++ *57 77 H6,& 6?*7?+,7 7 765+*6575 &?? 7?+5+,+ 775& 22 Ter vergelijking: in een Duits artikel (Garnett et al Thermische Unkrautbekampfung auf Nichtkulturland) wordt gesproken van een verbruik van 494-722 kj per vierkante meter. 23 Ter vergelijking: in een Duits artikel (Garnett et al Thermische Unkrautbekampfung auf Nichtkulturland) wordt gesproken van een verbruik van 50-200 kg propaangas per hectare voor de bestrijding van 1-jarig onkruid respectievelijk meerlobbig onkruid.
2 3 % %* 77+*5 7,F+ *5 55& % 7,F*5 55,5* + & *5 55,F6) 59?77 577: 5977 577: 9(,4*8: 0/" 9S+7: @ &+&& @ 9(+7: * 9(,4*8: H 9(?: &+&&
' 4$$ ' 5,7?675 5+657 + *5 55,57& 755 *5 557?6+5+ 5 9?77577:77 5&0 5 *5 55 + 9? :& 0?67 76 77,,&5=B *5 557* G7&0 55?6+75&0?,75567+ 7++ *5 55=B & '7D5 5+ *5 55+567 100 90 80 70 % 60 50 40 30 Chemisch DOB Hoog DOB Laag Borstelen Heet water Branden 20 10 0 Abiotische uitp Broeikaseffect Ozonlaag aant. Smogvorming Ecotox. water Ecotox.terr. Humane tox. Verzuring Aq. Vermesting Ter. Vermesting Biodiv. Life support H
'7D + *5 55+567 7,0E-09 6,0E-09 5,0E-09 4,0E-09 3,0E-09 2,0E-09 Chemisch DOB Hoog DOB Laag Borstelen/chemisch Heet water Branden 1,0E-09 0,0E+00 Abiotische uitp Broeikaseffect Ozonlaag aant. Smogvorming Ecotox. water Ecotox.terr. Humane tox. Verzuring Aq. Vermesting Ter. Vermesting Biodiv. Life support 0 &<7, + 7+,?+ 7,7&0?,75567+ 7+ + *5 55=B +7+ *5 55&&+& 7A& 056=B 8*7) 7) "6 79+ 7,,: 75 +5+,,& 679TG:7 756 7+ & "5,,) 0 75 + B/ &"60/" 9* 5 7*:7 6+ +7,+ && "67 + B/ 7++ 7 +,,57+ 6 7 + 7&<( + 7&"6 755657=#D+5& /? 7 7) 0?6 7,7+ + 9 :6 +,,&.7+7) 06 *7+ B/A/ (./ ( 5*,,&0*?6,+,+5, &"65,+57
5&"6* + A/ (77, + A/ (+ 777 *+5& >(9 F :) A =B+ 7, + &00/" 7?+ 455875&07 5+77, 7 +&0+ # *656&06 7, 5 6 7+ 7, & 06 7+ B#& 0+ 55*?6+*7 7&0+0/" = 77 + 657*7? 5& 0,7+ 7, & >(9:) "6 7+ +5+,,+ 6+,,&"6*? +756 7+ &06* 7+ +7,+ 75 5++ 7*7 & "6675,7+ 7, 7 + 96 7G+ :&<7,7 * 7,7 & < ()?6+ 5*,,+ 9UG+ :&/5 F&+5+,,765, &"66 7+ 756 7 7&?7@+7) "6? 8++6 7 &0/" 8?6 5+7,+ + &0, + 5+ 657&"65 + A/(6 + 557+ & 0+ +7 8 7 + A/ (./ (+ 7 +,,&"6*,,57, +A/(& "+@,,) 0?67 75+ 97:*,+ +7 &06? 8* + +7,+ 9 0/" 8:+ 559:+5+,, 9 8:& 7) *5 55*7, =B 8 67757& 0 550/"= 7* 7++765 &< 55 0/"<7?& <65, 5+ 7, +&,7 + 7+7 9?VH&: 5556577@,+7 + 7+ 8&7=B* +7 7 + I
,,, 7, +7**& +77 7, +&$5,7"67&0 550/"= 7*?677, + *7, 55767 9 7+67:&<,+ 550/"<7 7, 4558567 7, 9 67:&< * 6 * 7 755*, +765, 550/"<7& 37+7 9?VH&:+,?5565?6 *?775+ L 7 7 *&A++ 5+ =B57*5+ 75?,,, 77*&0? +6555 * 0/"77 5@, 75++* H & 0765 +7?,, 5+567+?75,,+57 7 & ', 6 +7=B?6+7+7 7++ + 7, 7*5* + + 7 5&0??6 57+7+?, & >7*, 5* + 56 55, *6?7 ++77+*77,F9? :&"67,+7=B?65+76? +,+ &< 7 5+,+ + 7& 24 De fabrikant van WeedIt bijvoorbeeld werkt aan een nauwkeuriger sensorsysteem waardoor de herbicide dosis zou afnemen. 2
'7HD+7 5* 6,0E-09 5,0E-09 Life support 4,0E-09 3,0E-09 2,0E-09 1,0E-09 Biodiv. Ter. Vermesting Aq. Vermesting Verzuring Humane tox. Ecotox.terr. Ecotox. water Smogvorming Ozonlaag aant. Broeikaseffect Abiotische uitp 0,0E+00 Chemisch DOB Hoog DOB Laag Borstelen/maaien Borstelen/chemisch Heet water "66775+ *,, 5?6 +,@,77, +59775 :&05+ 7*5 55 &/56,,& 0 65 7?6 6,0/"G +7+ +,75&7? + (+&.*5+70/" 776570/"&0 * $? 575 775+ 0/"+ 7 6 7,7&<*5 +75+75 577 & 0 65,7+57 * 5,7 +7+ 5& > + 5 57 7++ 77 0/"?5*? +759?775 77: +&?+ 77 *7+ & > 7+7,+, +,,&<?6, +,,?+A/ (,, +7&./?6,, +77+ 7?* +7 + *7+5&$ 65,7,*7+5+ 77F++?&
'7D+7+, A/ (,./ 8,0E-09 7,0E-09 6,0E-09 5,0E-09 Life support Biodiv. Ter. Vermesting Aq. Vermesting 4,0E-09 3,0E-09 Verzuring Humane tox. Ecotox.terr. Ecotox. water Smogvorming 2,0E-09 Ozonlaag aant. Broeikaseffect 1,0E-09 Abiotische uitp 0,0E+00 Chemisch DOB Hoog DOB Laag Borstelen Heet water Branden /5, =B+ 75&0,,7?+ 7+7 +,+ * 9*: 9*:&0, 5, +A/ (&%?+ =B,,+* 9 777 :7,,+ 9=#D:7, &67?6?,*5 55?, *77+9?,7&":& %5*,755 ++ +7,+ *,7+&=B + *,7+?656 79HG:,77+ (,, &07 55?+ 7+ 97, + :+7,+,77,,, + &> + + +7,+ &%?+ 7?5, 7+, &7+,7, + 7 55?5?,77 + *5 55& 25 Herziening levenscyclusanalyse voor GFT-afval (herberekening LCA MER-LAP). Grontmij, IVAM, 2004.
# & $./ '7&"&" 57 8,0E-09 7,0E-09 6,0E-09 Life support Biodiv. Ter. Vermesting 5,0E-09 Aq. Vermesting Verzuring 4,0E-09 Humane tox. Ecotox.terr. 3,0E-09 2,0E-09 1,0E-09 Ecotox. water Smogvorming Ozonlaag aant. Broeikaseffect Abiotische uitp 0,0E+00 Chemisch DOB Hoog DOB Laag Borstelen/chemisch Heet water Branden D * + 7 &075 9 :& '7&"&"5744,, 7,0E-09 6,0E-09 5,0E-09 4,0E-09 3,0E-09 2,0E-09 Life support Biodiv. Ter. Vermesting Aq. Vermesting Verzuring Humane tox. Ecotox.terr. Ecotox. water Smogvorming Ozonlaag aant. Broeikaseffect Abiotische uitp 1,0E-09 0,0E+00 Chemisch DOB Hoog DOB Laag Borstelen/chemisch Heet water Branden -1,0E-09
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www. gereatebenzin.ch
'7&"&,+ 8++ $+@D+ " 0? % 3,5E-09 3,0E-09 2,5E-09 2,0E-09 1,5E-09 1,0E-09 5,0E-10 Life support Biodiv. Ter. Vermesting Aq. Vermesting Verzuring Humane tox. Ecotox.terr. Ecotox. water Smogvorming Ozonlaag aant. Broeikaseffect Abiotische uitp 0,0E+00 BASISSCENARIO SCENARIO MET 98% BORSTELEN SCENARIO MET 98% HEET WATER SCENARIO MET 98% BRANDEN >+ 57 554857+ 7 &/ 4 +678 *757 5+ 4 8&0 755* 9?5 :&! + + 57 7 *7 *,F+ &> * 5765 65 5,5* &A + 57?6 + =B&"+ 4 875+5*? + +*& 35765 5+?6+,& 06 7+ 7,, 7 G&=B F (6 77 65 G& 0+ 87+7+?7+7+?67+ G7 7+,,&0,,* 85565*7+& 07+7? 67?9,7"&:5 75&
# " 8 5 9 $ Compound name unit AMPA (aminomethylphosphonic acid) Remarks CAS nr. - 1066-51-9 Effects assessment Acceptable/Tolerable Daily Intake or Reference Dose for man kg/kg*d 4,00E-06 LD50 (rat) = 8300 mg/kg.bw, NOEL = 400 mg/kg.bw/day, safetyfactor 100 Acceptable/Tolerable Concentration in air for man kg/m3 no value Maximum Tolerable Concentration for aquatic compartment kg/m3 7,90E-05 Saft/Staats en Traas Maximum Tolerable Concentration for fresh water aquatic compartment kg/m3 no value EP niet geschikt volgens Traas Maximum Tolerable Concentration for salt water aquatic compartment kg/m3 no value Maximum Tolerable Concentration for sediment compartment kg/kg(wwt) EP Maximum Tolerable Concentration for fresh water sediment compartment kg/kg(wwt) EP Maximum Tolerable Concentration for salt water sediment compartment kg/kg(wwt) EP Maximum Tolerable Concentration for soil compartment kg/kg(wwt) EP Inorganic substance, but no metal? yes/no no Physico-chemical properties molecular weight g/mol 111 octanol-water partition coefficient, neutral species - -2,27E+00 gemiddelde uit KOWWIN en ClogP, Smit et al (in Traas) melting point C 300 vapor pressure (25) Pa no value solubility (25), neutral species mg/l > 20000 dissociation constant for acids - 5,6 gemiddelde uit 3 pka-waarden, Smits et al (in Traas) Is the compound a metal? yes/no no H
Partitioning Henry's law constant (25C) (Pa-m3/mol) no value organic carbon partition coefficient l/kg no value solid-water partition coefficient soil l/kg 7,70E+01 diverse waarden in Traas solid-water partition coefficient sediment l/kg no value solid-water partition coefficient suspended matter l/kg no value Aerosol collection efficiency - no value Fraction of aerosol bounded substance - no value aerosol deposition velocity m/s no value Degradation rates reaction half-life in air d no value hydroxyl radical reaction in air (-10C) cm3/molec-sec no value hydroxyl radical reaction in air (12C) cm3/molec-sec no value hydroxyl radical reaction in air (25C) cm3/molec-sec no value hydrolysis in surface water (PH=6, 20C) d no value hydrolysis in surface water (PH=7, 20C) d no value hydrolysis in surface water (PH=8, 20C) d no value biodegradation in surface water (20C) d 32 CTB (in Saft/Staats) abiotic degradation in soil (PH=6, 20C) d no value abiotic degradation in soil (PH=7, 20C) d no value biodegradation in soil (20C) d 149 Giesy (in Saft/Staats) en CTB abiotic degradation in the sediment zone (PH=7, 20C) d no value abiotic degradation in the sediment zone (PH=8, 20C) d no value aerobic biodegradation in the sediment zone (20C) d no value anaerobic biodegradation in the sediment zone (20C) d no value metabolism in plant tissue d no value photodegradation upon plant tissue d no value Exposure assessment
bioconcentration factor in fish relative to contaminant water concentration l/kg(wwt) no value Partitioning coefficient between leaves and air m3/m3 no value Conductance m/s no value Transpiration stream concentration factor - no value Root concentration factor relative to contaminant porewater concentration in soil l/kg wwt no value bioconcentration factor in plant roots relative to contaminant soil concentration kg wwt/kg wwt no value bioconcentration factor in plant leafs relative to contaminant soil concentration kg wwt/kg wwt no value biotransfer factor for meat d/kg(food) no value biotransfer factor for milk d/kg(food) no value Respirable fraction of inhaled substance - no value Bioavailability for inhalation - no value Bioavailability for oral uptake - no value I