Decisive Maps. The spatial picture of regional environmental policy. Research for regions 19 May Freek Deuss

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1 1 Decisive Maps The spatial picture of regional environmental policy Research for regions 19 May 2008 Freek Deuss

2 A regional authority s mapping needs 2 Policy maps: Analysis of (spatial) policy options (present and future) Communicate options and agreed policies Planning maps: Options and agreed (spatial) plans Management maps: Inventories Measures

3 3 NWE South-Holland 2006 policy maps: a case history Aim: to clarify and show the spatial consequences and priorities of the Nature, Water and Environmental policy paper Content: a host of intentions, measures and projects to maintain or improve recreational facilities, nature, landscape, water management and environmental quality

4 4 Mapping by trying First try: suitability maps Parallel exercise: scenario maps Third try: intersubjective maps

5 Geschiktheid voor functies per gebiedskenmerk (16 x 32 = 512) FUNCTIE hoofdtinten stedelijk Suitability maps analysis bedrijventerreinen 5 pasteltinten hoog stedelijk stedelijk groen stedelijk zware industrie (HMC) kantoren haventerreinen nr. kwagebiedskenmerk +/- % +/- % +/- % +/- % +/- % +/- % groen 1/3 j Functies binnen bufferzone van 250m rond PEHS 2 j Functies binnen de (P)EHS 6 j (Functies bij) grondwatertrap IIb X 1 X 1 X 1 X 1 X 1 X 1 9 j Beperkt zettingsgevoelige gebieden 10 j Groen/natuurwaarde 11 j Weinig zettingsgevoelige gebieden a j Gebieden met beperkte funderingsdiepte j Gebieden geschikt voor ondergronds bouwen 13 j Infiltratiegebieden j Metselzandwinninglocaties 15 j Warmte-koude-opslag mogelijk

6 Suitability maps results 6 -

7 7 Parallel exercise: MNP scenario maps

8 8 Third try: intersubjective mapping Approach: bottom-up (information) and top-down (policy issues); trying to be complete: use all relevant information, but clear: limit information, use pictures; test: results recognized by both experts and politicians.

9 9 Intersubjective mapping

10 10 Step 1: sectoral policy maps Natural areas development Water management: safety, retention and overflow Air quality zones Noise pollution, silence reserves Industrial riscs Soil protection priorities Groundwater protection areas Etc.

11 11 Sectoral policy maps, example (1)

12 12 Sectoral policy maps, example (2)

13 13 Step 2: integrated planning principles (1) 1. Use the stratification approach as a basis for analysis and spatial development, in the sequence bottom infrastructure occupation. The strategy of the two networks (S2N) connects the three strata, as follows. 2. The network for people transport especially the rail network carries the development of dynamic, intensive human use functions, such as metropolitan housing, offices and services. 3. The networks for goods transport rail, water and road carry the development of dynamic, extensive human use functions, such as industrial areas.

14 14 Integrated planning principles (2) 7. The water network (surface water en ground water) carries low-dynamic functions such as nature and recreation, rural housing, water extraction. 8. Utilize the soil (type, elevation, water flows) and green areas for water management (quantity and quality). Thus protect against flooding; practice water retention rather than rapid inlet and drainage; keep water clean or purify naturally rather than polluting, draining or artificially purifying it. 9. Utilize soil qualities for urban development: bearing capacity, suitability for underground building and cold/warmth storage.

15 15 Integrated planning principles (3) 7. Make green areas and water accessible from and useful to urban functions (quality of housing and working areas, recreation). 8. Protect strong historic identities of built-up areas (culture) and countryside (culture and nature); develop or adapt identities that are weak or without potential. 9. Renovate, intensify or transform existing urban areas, working areas and market gardening [glastuinbouw] instead of replacement or extension. 10. In case source measures prove insufficient, limit intensive use of environmentally stressed areas (industrial safety, air quality, noise, smell).

16 16 Step 3: spatial policy Maps showing existing and planned: Urban areas Economic zones Infrastructure Rural functions Integrated developments etc.

17 17 Provincial Spatial Structure Vision 2020 Spatial policy: examples

18 Step 4: map legend 18 Legenda-eenheden voor de ruimtelijke vertaling IP 1, 2 en en 10 8 Alle 5

19 19 Step 5: map content, provincial scale

20 20 Step 5: map content, regional focus

21 21 Prioritizing objectives in 4 categories: Step 6: priority maps Priority, objective is critical to realize policy goals; no political agreement reached Priority, objective is critical to realize policy goals Attention required to realize policy goals Realization underway

22 22 Priority map, example Sleutelkaart Valkenburg Reinforce the unique natural qualities of the area by making these leading when developing the area for low-density housing and services. Rijn Gouwe Line (RGL) Construction of the RGL railway is crucial and and conditional to developing Valkenburg. RGL also must connect Noordwijk. Knoop Leiden-West Realiseer voor een hoogwaardig woon- en werkmilieu evenwicht tussen de economische bedrijvigheid en de bestaande en potentiële kwaliteiten zoals de oevers van de Oude Rijn. Oostflank van Leiden Voorkom dichtslibben van het gebied door aanleg van een robuuste ecologischrecreatieve verbinding Vlietzone-Kagerplassen en waarborg de verbinding tussen Leidencentrum en het Groene Hart, zowel landschappelijk als recreatief. Greenport Duin- Bollenstreek Behoud de landschappelijke kwaliteiten en ontwikkel de ecologische verbindingszone tussen de Kust en de Kaag bij de agrarische transformatie van het gebied. Zwakke schakel Katwijk Combineer de kustverdedigingsopgave met de aanleg van een ecologische verbinding en de ruimtelijke kwaliteitsverbetering in Katwijk. Leiden Centraal De verdichtingsopgave in combinatie het versterken van de leefomgeving ontwikkelt zich positief

23 Comparing the tries Suitability maps: GIS-model used too slow for true interactivity, land-use function legend did not cover all policy aspects, participants working inside complicated black box reduced their trust in its outcome. 2. Scenario maps: convincing because black box operated by authority (LUMOS - MNP), only showing land-use scenario s but not intending to do more. 3. Intersubjective mapping: convincing.

24 Conclusions 24 Equipping the man, rather than manning the equipment, requires an intersubjective process based on relevant knowledge, meeting user needs for decisive information with the clearly communicated essence of the required underlying data.

25 References 25 Kaartenstudie voor het beleidsplan Groen, Water en Milieu Zuid-Holland, TNO 2006, by R. van der Krogt et al. Ruimtelijke beelden voor Zuid-Holland, MNP 2006, by A.Bouwman, R.Kuijper, H.Tijbosch, Land Use Modelling System LUMOS, Designing Sustainable Accessibility, M. te Brommelstroet, L. Bertolini,