Diversity in Late Life Selected literature by the research group

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1 Diversity in Late Life Selected literature by the research group Beekman, A.T.F., Deeg, D.J.H., Braam, A.W., Smit, J.H., & van Tilburg, W. (1997). Consequences of major and minor depression in later life: A study of disability, well-being and service utilization. Psychological Medicine, 27, Beekman, A.T.F., Deeg, D.J.H., van Tilburg, T.G., Smit, J.H., Hooijer, C., & van Tilburg, W. (1995). Major and minor depression in later life: A study of prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Affective Disorders, 36, Braam, A.W., Beekman, A.T.F., van Tilburg, T.G., Deeg, D.J.H., & van Tilburg, W. (1997). Religious involvement and depression in older Dutch citizens. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 32, Broese van Groenou, M.I. (1991). Gescheiden netwerken: De relaties met vrienden en verwanten na echtscheiding [Separated networks: The relationships with friends and kin after divorce]. Amsterdam: Thela Thesis. Broese van Groenou, M.I., & Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1999). The onset of physical impairment of independently living older adults and the support received from sons and daughters in the Netherlands. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 48, Broese van Groenou, M.I., & Thomése, G.C.F. (1996). Het relatieve belang van zelfstandig wonen voor het sociaal functioneren van ouderen [The relative importance of living independently for the social functioning of older adults]. Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie, 27, Broese van Groenou, M.I., & van Busschbach, J.T. (1991). Gevolgen van ingrijpende gebeurtenissen voor de omvang van persoonlijke netwerken [The impact of important life events for the size of personal networks]. Gezin, 3, Broese van Groenou, M.I., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1996a). The personal network of Dutch older adults: A source of social contact and instrumental support. In H. Litwin (Ed.), The social networks of older people: A cross-national analysis (pp ). London: Praeger. Broese van Groenou, M.I., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1996b). Network analysis. In J.E. Birren (Ed.), Encyclopedia of gerontology: Age, aging, and the aged (Vol. 2, pp ). San Diego: Academic. Broese van Groenou, M.I., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1997). Changes in the support networks of older adults in the Netherlands. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 12, Broese van Groenou, M.I., van Tilburg, T.G., & de Jong Gierveld, J. (1999). Eenzaamheid bij ouderen en kenmerken van de omgeving [Loneliness among older adults: Geographical and neighborhood characteristics]. Mens & Maatschappij, 74, Broese van Groenou, M.I., van Tilburg, T.G., de Leeuw, E.D., & Liefbroer, A.C. (1995). Data collection. In C.P.M. Knipscheer, J. de Jong Gierveld, T.G. van Tilburg & P.A. Dykstra (Eds.), Living arrangements and social networks of older adults (pp ). Amsterdam: VU University Press. Call, V.R.A., & Dykstra, P.A. (forthcoming). Life pathways to childlessness. In P.A. Dykstra & V.R.A. Call (Eds.), Aging without children: A cross-national handbook on parental status in late life. Newport, CT: Greenwood. de Jong Gierveld, J., & Dykstra, P.A. (1993). Life transitions and the network of personal relationships: Methodological and theoretical issues. In W.H. Jones & D. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships (Vol. 4, pp ). London: Kingsley. de Jong Gierveld, J., Kamphuis, F.H., & Dykstra, P.A. (1987). Old and lonely? Comprehensive Gerontology, 1, de Jong Gierveld, J., Plomp, R., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1997). Intimacy, but at a distance: De relatie tussen ouders en hun volwassen kinderen in Nederland en Italië. In Afstand en betrokkenheid (pp ). Amsterdam: Koninklijke Nederlandse Academie van Wetenschappen. de Jong Gierveld, J., & van Solinge, H. (1995). Ageing and its consequences for the socialmedical system. Strasbourg: Council of Europe (Population Studies, 29). de Jong Gierveld, J., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1987). The partner as source of social support in problem and non-problem situations. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 2, Diversity in Late Life 30

2 de Jong Gierveld, J., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1999). Living arrangements of older adults in the Netherlands and Italy: Coresidence values and behaviour and their consequences for loneliness. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 14, de Jong Gierveld, J., van Tilburg, T.G., & Plomp, R. (1997). Feminisering van de armoede onder ouderen in Nederland [Feminization of poverty among older adults in the Netherlands]. Mens & Maatschappij, 72, Deeg, D.J.H. (1995). Research and the promotion of quality of life in older persons in the Netherlands. In E. Heikkinen, J. Kuusinen & I. Ruoppila (Eds.), Preparation for aging (pp ). New York: Plenum. Deeg, D.J.H. (1998). Zorgtrajecten van oudere chronisch zieken: Aanpassingen aan veranderingen in ziektebeloop en zorggebruik. Application for project grant, CZ-ZOB, Research Program Chronic Diseases. Deeg, D.J.H., & Braam, A.W. (1997). De betekenis van kwaliteit van leven voor ouderen zelf: Een kwantitatieve benadering [What is important to older persons and how does it affect their quality of life? A quantitative approach]. Medische Antropologie, 9, Deeg, D.J.H., Kardaun, J.W.P.F., & Fozard, J.L. (1996). Health, behavior and aging. In J.E. Birren & K.W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (4th ed., pp ). New York: Academic. Deeg, D.J.H., Knipscheer, C.P.M., & van Tilburg, W. (1993). Autonomy and well-being in the aging population: Concepts and design of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Bunnik, The Netherlands: Netherlands Institute of Gerontology. Deeg, D.J.H., & van den Hombergh, C. (1997). Ziekte en informele hulpverlening aan ouderen. In M.W. Westendorp-de Serière, D.J.H. Deeg & M. Spanjer (Red.), Ouderen in Nederland: Van onderzoek naar beleid (pp ). Amsterdam: VU-Uitgeverij. Deeg, D.J.H., & Westendorp-de Serière, M. (Eds.) (1994). Autonomy and well-being in the aging population I: Report from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam Amsterdam: VU University Press. Deeg, D.J.H. (1995). Research and the promotion of quality of life in older persons in the Netherlands. In E. Heikkinen, J. Kuusinen & I. Ruoppila (Eds.), Preparation for aging (pp ). New York: Plenum. Deeg, D.J.H., Kardaun, J.W.P.F., & Fozard, J.L. (1996). Health, behavior and aging. In J.E. Birren & K.W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (4th ed., pp ). New York: Academic. Dykstra, P.A. (1990). Next of (non)kin: The importance of primary relationships for older adults well-being. Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger. Dykstra, P.A. (1993). The differential availability of relationships and the provision and effectiveness of support to older adults. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 10, Dykstra, P.A. (1995). Loneliness among the never and formerly married: The importance of supportive friendships and a desire for independence. Journal of Gerontology, 50B, S321-S329. Dykstra, P.A. (1998). The effects of divorce on intergenerational exchanges in families. The Netherlands Journal of Social Sciences, 33, Dykstra, P.A. (1998). De lange-termijn gevolgen van een ongelukkige jeugd [The long term consequences of an unhappy childhood]. In M. Junger & J. Dronkers (Eds.), Daders, slachtoffers en andere tegenslag: De samenhang tussen ongewenste uitkomsten (pp ). Boeknummer Mens & Maatschappij. Dykstra, P.A., & de Jong Gierveld, J. (1997). Huwelijksgeschiedenis en informele en formele hulp aan ouderen [Older adults marital history and their informal and formal support usage]. Bevolking & Gezin, Dykstra, P.A., & de Jong Gierveld, J. (1999). Differentiële kansen op eenzaamheid onder ouderen: De betekenis van type partnerrelatie, partnergeschiedenis, gezondheid, sociaaleconomische positie en sociale relaties [Loneliness differentials among older adults: The importance of type of partner, partner history, health, socioeconomic position, and social relationships]. Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie, 30, Dykstra, P.A., & Fokkema, T. (2000). Partner en kinderen: Belemmerend of bevorderend voor Diversity in Late Life 31

3 beroepssucces? Beroepsmobiliteit van mannen en vrouwen met verschillende huwelijksen ouderschapscarrières [Partner and children: Burden or obstacle for occupational attainment? Occupational mobility of men and women with different marriage and parenthood careers]. Mens & Maatschappij, 75, Dykstra, P.A., & Hagestad, G.O. (forthcoming). A road less travelled: The implications of childlessness for late life. In P.A. Dykstra & V.R.A. Call (Eds.), Aging without children: A cross-national handbook on parental status in late life. Newport, CT: Greenwood. Dykstra, P.A., & Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1995). The availability and intergenerational structure of family relationships. In C.P.M. Knipscheer, J. de Jong Gierveld, T.G. van Tilburg & P.A. Dykstra (Eds.), Living arrangements and social networks of older adults (pp ). Amsterdam: VU University Press. Dykstra, P.A., & Liefbroer, A.C. (1998). Kinderloos en toch gelukkig? Over de gevolgen van kinderloosheid voor de ouderdom [Childless, but still happy? On late life consequences of childlessness]. Mens & Maatschappij, 73, Dykstra, P.A., & van Wissen, L.J.G. (1999). Introduction: The life course framework as an interdisciplinary framework for population studies. In L.J.G. van Wissen & P.A. Dykstra (Eds.), Population issues: An interdisciplinary focus (pp. 1-22). New York: Plenum. Dykstra, P.A., & Wagner, M. (forthcoming). When and how does childlessness matter in late life? Pathways and multiple outcomes. In P.A. Dykstra & V.R.A. Call (Eds.), Aging without children: A cross-national handbook on parental status in late life. Newport, CT: Greenwood. Fokkema, T., & van Solinge, H. (1998). Ouderen met een verhoogd risico op armoede. The Hague: NIDI, Working Paper, 1998/3. Hakens, M.J.H., & Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1988). De houding van ouderen inzake informele thuiszorg en het ouderenbeleid. Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie, 19, Henkens, K. (1998). Older workers in transition: Studies on early retirement decisions in the Netherlands. PhD Dissertation, Utrecht University. Henkens, K. (1999). Retirement intentions and spousal support: A multi-actor approach. Journal of Gerontology, 54B, S63-S73. Henkens, K. (2000). Supervisors attitudes about early retirement of subordinates. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30, Henkens, K., Kraaykamp, G., & Siegers, J.J. (1993). Married couples and their labour market status. European Sociological Review, 9, Henkens, K., Meijer, L., & Siegers, J.J. (1993). The labour supply of married and unmarried cohabiting women in The Netherlands European Journal of Population, 9, Henkens, K., & Siegers, J.J. (1991a). The decision to retire: The case of Dutch men aged European Journal of Population, 7, Henkens, K., & Siegers, J.J. (1991b). The labour market status of older men and women in The Netherlands. In G. Beets (Ed.), Population and family in the low countries (pp ). Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger. Henkens, K., & Siegers, J.J. (1993). The relative income status of the elderly in the Netherlands: In H.A. Becker & P.L.J. Hermkens (Eds.), Solidarity of generations, demographic, economic, and social change, and its consequences (pp ). Amsterdam: Thesis. Henkens, K., & Siegers, J.J. (1994). Early retirement: The case of the Netherlands. Labour, Review of Labour Economics and Industrial Relations, 8, Henkens, K., & Siegers, J.J. (1995). Employment and early retirement. In T. Jaspers, J.J. Schippers, J.J. Siegers & I. van Berkel (Ed.), Working policies? Facts, analyses and policies concerning employment and non-participation in the Netherlands (pp ). Groningen: Wolters Noordhoff. Henkens, K., Siegers J., & van den Bosch, K. (1993). Married women on the labour market: Belgium and The Netherlands. In G. Beets (Ed.), Population and Family in the Low Countries (pp.77-99). Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger. Henkens, K., Sprengers, M., & Tazelaar, F. (1996). Unemployment and the older worker in The Netherlands: Re-entry in the labour force or resignation. Ageing & Society, 16, 561- Diversity in Late Life 32

4 578. Henkens, K., & Tazelaar, F.(1994). Early retirement of civil servants in the Netherlands. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, Henkens, K., & Tazelaar, F. (1997). Explaining retirement decisions of civil servants in The Netherlands: intentions, behavior and the discrepancy between the two. Research on Aging, 19, Henkens, K. (1999). Retirement intentions and spousal support: A multi-actor approach. Journal of Gerontology, 54B, S63-S73. Henkens, K., & Siegers, J.J. (1991a). The decision to retire: The case of Dutch men aged European Journal of Population, 7, Henkens, K., & Siegers, J.J. (1991b). The labour market status of older men and women in The Netherlands. In G. Beets (Ed.), Population and family in the low countries (pp ). Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger. Henkens, K., Sprengers, M., & Tazelaar, F. (1996). Unemployment and the older worker in the Netherlands: Re-entry in the labour force or resignation. Ageing & Society, 16, Henkens, K., & Tazelaar, F. (1994). Early retirement of civil servants in the Netherlands. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, Henkens, K., & Tazelaar, F. (1997). Explaining retirement decisions of civil servants in the Netherlands: Intentions, behavior and the discrepancy between the two. Research on Aging, 19, Klein Ikkink, C.E., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1998). Do older adults network members continue to provide instrumental support in unbalanced relationships? Journal of Personal and Social Relationships, 15, Klein Ikkink, C.E., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1999). Broken ties: Reciprocity and other effects on the ending of older adult s relationships. Social Networks, 21, Klein Ikkink, C.E., van Tilburg, T.G., & Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1999). Perceived instrumental support exchanges in relationships between elderly parents and their adult children: Normative and structural explanations. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 61, Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1991). Het leeftijd-cohort-periode model als heuristisch hulpmiddel [The age-cohort-period model as heuristic tool]. In P. Ester & J.A.M. van Wezel (Eds.), Sociale aspecten van verandering (pp ). Tilburg: University Press. Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1992). Aging, social environment and social support. European Journal of Gerontology, 1, Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1992). Demografische veranderingen en het zorgvermogen van de samenleving. In N. van Nimwegen & J. de Jong Gierveld (Eds.), Demografische uitdaging: Nederland op weg naar de 21e eeuw (pp ). Houten: Bohn, Stafleu & van Loghum. Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1998). Hoe we onze ouders behandelen. In P. van Tongeren (Ed.), Omdat wij van ons zelf geen huis zijn : Over gezin en wederkerigheid (pp ). Nijmegen: Valkhof. Knipscheer, C.P.M., Broese van Groenou, M.I., Leene, G.J.F., Beekman, A.T.F., & Deeg, D.J.H. (2000). The effects of environmental context and personal resources on depressive symptomatology in older age: A test of the Lawton-model. Ageing & Society, 20, Knipscheer, C.P.M., de Jong Gierveld, J., van Tilburg, T.G., & Dykstra, P.A. (Eds.) (1995). Living arrangements and social networks of older adults. Amsterdam: VU University Press. Knipscheer, C.P.M., Dykstra, P.A., de Jong Gierveld, J., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1995). Living arrangements and social networks as interlocking mediating structures. In C.P.M. Knipscheer, J. de Jong Gierveld, T.G. van Tilburg & P.A. Dykstra (Eds.), Living arrangements and social networks of older adults (pp. 1-14). Amsterdam: VU University Press. Knipscheer, C.P.M., Dykstra, P.A., van Tilburg, T.G., & de Jong Gierveld, J. (1998). Leefvormen en sociale netwerken van ouderen: Een selectie van bevindingen uit een NESTORstudie [Living arrangements and social networks of older adults: A selection of findings from a NESTOR-study]. Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie, 29, Diversity in Late Life 33

5 Knipscheer, C.P.M., Kriegsman, D.M.W., Penninx, B.M.W.J., & Broese van Groenou, M.I. (1997). Ziekte en informele hulpverlening aan ouderen. In M.W. Westendorp-de Serière, D.J.H. Deeg & M. Spanjer (Red.), Ouderen in Nederland: Van onderzoek naar beleid (pp ). Amsterdam: VU-Uitgeverij. Lamme, S., Dykstra, P.A., & Broese van Groenou, M.I. (1996). Rebuilding the network: New relationships in widowhood. Personal Relationships, 3, Liefbroer, A.C., & Dykstra, P.A. (2000). Levenslopen in verandering: Een studie naar ontwikkelingen in de levenslopen van Nederlanders geboren tussen 1900 en 1970 [Changing lives: A study on developments in the life courses of the Dutch birth cohorts]. Den Haag: SDU (WRR voorstudies en achtergronden V107). Liefbroer, A.C., & Henkens, K. (1997). Veranderingen in de arbeidscarrières van mannen: Een cohort-analyse. Tijdschrift voor Politieke Ekonomie, 20, Liefbroer, A.C., & Henkens, K. (1999). Labour market careers of successive cohorts of older men in the Netherlands: Changes in age at retirement and in length of working lives. Genus, LV, Mehciz, M., & van Tilburg, T.G. (1996). De indicatiestelling voor het verzorgingshuis: Evaluatie van de vragenlijst indicatie Alkmaar. Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie, 27, Penninx, B.W.J.H., van Tilburg, T.G., Deeg, D.J.H., Kriegsman, D.M.W., Boeke, A.J.P., & van Eijk, J.Th.M. (1997). Direct and buffer effects of social support and personal coping resources in individuals with arthritis. Social Science and Medicine, 44, Penninx, B.W.J.H., van Tilburg, T.G., Kriegsman, D.M.W., Deeg, D.J.H., Boeke, A.J.P., & van Eijk, J.Th.M. (1997). Effects of social support and personal coping resources on mortality in older age: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. American Journal of Epidemiology, 146, Penninx, B.W.J.H., van Tilburg, T.G., Boeke, A.J.P., Deeg, D.J.H., Kriegsman, D.M.W., & van Eijk, J.Th.M. (1998). Effects of social support and personal coping resources on depressive symptoms: Different for various chronic diseases?. Health Psychology, 17, Penninx, B.W.J.H., van Tilburg, T.G., Kriegsman, D.M.W., Boeke, A.J.P., Deeg, D.J.H., & van Eijk, J.Th.M. (1999). Social network, social support and loneliness in older persons with different chronic diseases. Journal of Aging and Health, 11, Post, W., van Imhoff, E., Dykstra, P.A., & van Poppel, F. (1997). Verwantschapsnetwerken in Nederland: Verleden, heden en toekomst [Kin networks in the Netherlands: Past, present and future]. Den Haag: NIDI Rapport nr. 51. Pot, A.M., Deeg, D.J.H., & Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1996). Predictors of institutionalization: Comparison of demented elderly with a spouse vs. a non-spouse caregiver. In A.M. Pot, Caregivers perspectives: A longitudinal study on the psychological distress of informal caregivers of demented elderly (pp ). PhD Dissertation, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Pot, A.M., van Dyck, R., Jonker, C., & Deeg, D.J.H. (1996). Verbal and physical aggression against demented elderly by informal caregivers in the Netherlands. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 31, Stevens, N.L., & van Tilburg, T.G. (2000). Stimulating friendship in later life: A strategy for reducing loneliness among older women. Educational Gerontology, 26, Thomése, G.C.F. (1995). Pluriformiteit in de levensloop en sociale voorzieningen [Pluriformity in the life course and social security]. Socialisme & Democratie, 55, Thomése, G.C.F. (1998). Buurtnetwerken van ouderen: Een sociaal-wetenschappelijk onderzoek onder zelfstandig wonende ouderen in Nederland [Neighboring networks of older adults: A social scientific research among independently living older adults in the Netherlands]. PhD Dissertation, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Thomése, G.C.F. (1998). De levensloop van ouderen: Wat is standaard? [The life course of older adults: Is there a standard?] In M.I. Broese van Groenou, D.J.H. Deeg, C.P.M. Knipscheer & G.J. Ligthart (Eds.), VU-Visies op veroudering (pp ). Amsterdam: Thela Thesis. Thomése, G.C.F. (1999). The impact of World War II on women s personal networks and wellbeing in later life through family and work careers. Paper presented at the IVth Euro- Diversity in Late Life 34

6 pean Congress of Gerontology, Berlin, 7-11 July. Thomése, G.C.F., & van Tilburg, T.G. (2000). Neighbouring networks and environmental dependency: Differential effects of neighbourhood characteristics on the relative size and composition of neighbouring networks of older adults in The Netherlands. Ageing & Society, 20, van Baarsen, B., Smit, J.H., Snijders, T.A.B., & Knipscheer, C.P.M. (1999). Do personal conditions and circumstances surrounding partner loss explain loneliness in newly bereaved older adults? Ageing & Society, 19, van Dalen, H., & Henkens, K. (2000). Hoe prikkelbaar is de oudere werknemer? Economisch Statistische Berichten, 24 maart, van Grootheest, D.S., Beekman, A.T.F., Broese van Groenou, M.I., & Deeg, D.J.H. (1999). Sex differences in depression after widowhood: Do men suffer more? Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 34, van Imhoff, E., & Henkens, K. (1998). The budgetary dilemmas of an ageing workforce: A scenario study of the public sector in the Netherlands. European Journal of Population, 14, van Solinge, H. (1995). Van huishoudelijke dienstverlening naar zorg op maat: Het veranderende imago van het bejaardenoord. Demos, 11, 1-3. van Tilburg, T.G. (1989). Een gevarieerd en uitgebreid relatienetwerk: Vroege determinanten van succesvolle coping met scheiding [A variegated and extended network of personal relationships: Early determinants of successful coping with divorce]. Mens & Maatschappij, 64, van Tilburg, T.G. (1990). Eenzaamheid onder met partner samenwonende mannen en vrouwen in verschillende gezinsfases [Loneliness among men and women living with a partner in different stages of the life cycle]. Gezin, Tijdschrift voor Primaire Leefvormen, 2, van Tilburg, T.G. (1992). Support networks before and after retirement. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 9, van Tilburg, T.G. (1992). Question sequence effects in the measurement of reciprocity. Quality & Quantity, 26, van Tilburg, T.G. (1995). Delineation of the social network and differences in network size. In C.P.M. Knipscheer, J. de Jong Gierveld, T.G. van Tilburg & P.A. Dykstra (Eds.), Living arrangements and social networks of older adults (pp ). Amsterdam: VU University Press. van Tilburg, T.G. (1998a). Losing and gaining in old age: Changes in personal network size and social support in a four-year longitudinal study. Journal of Gerontology, 53B, S313- S323. van Tilburg, T.G. (1998b). Interviewer effects in the measurement of personal network size: A non-experimental study. Sociological Methods & Research, 26, van Tilburg, T.G. (1999). Changes over time in the personal networks and health of older adults. Gedrag & Gezondheid, 27, van Tilburg, T.G., Broese van Groenou, M.I., & Thomése, G.C.F. (1995). Flow of support. In C.P.M. Knipscheer, J. de Jong Gierveld, T.G. van Tilburg & P.A. Dykstra (Eds.), Living arrangements and social networks of older adults (pp ). Amsterdam: VU University Press. van Tilburg, T.G., & de Jong Gierveld, J. (1999). Cesuurbepaling van de eenzaamheidsschaal [Cutting scores on the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale]. Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie, 30, van Tilburg, T.G., de Jong Gierveld, J., Lecchini, L., & Marsiglia, D. (1998). Social integration and loneliness: A comparative study among older adults in the Netherlands and Tuscany, Italy. Journal of Personal and Social Relationships, 15, van Tilburg, T.G., & Dykstra, P.A. (1995). Geografische spreiding van het sociale netwerk van ouderen [Geographical dispersion of older adults personal network members]. Rooilijn, Tijdschrift voor wetenschap en beleid in de ruimtelijke ordening, 28, van Tilburg, T.G., & Knipscheer, C.P.M. (2001). Do contact frequency and supportive exchanges decline in older parent adult child relationships? A cohort and time sequential Diversity in Late Life 35

7 perspective. Submitted for publication. van Tilburg, T.G., van Sonderen, F.L.P., & Ormel, J. (1991). The measurement of reciprocity in ego-centered networks of personal relationships: A comparison of different indices. Social Psychology Quarterly, 54, Wenger, G.C., Dykstra, P.A., Melkas, T., & Knipscheer, C.P.M. (forthcoming). Social embeddedness: Community activity, close ties and support. In P.A. Dykstra & V.R.A. Call (Eds.), Aging without children: A cross-national handbook on parental status in late life. Newport, CT: Greenwood. Wister, A.V., & Dykstra, P.A. (2000). Formal assistance among Dutch older adults: An examination of the gendered nature of marital history. Canadian Journal on Aging / Revue Canadienne du Viellissement, 19, Diversity in Late Life 36