is een feit Waarom Alles waarvan we en zijn We leven al in een gelijkspanningswereld
Stappen naar een toekomst Harry Stokman Contact Email: harry@dcbv.eu Address: Stationsweg 38-BB, 1431 EG Aalsmeer, The Netherlands www.directcurrent.eu is the Future
To make the future About Harry 27 years entrepreneur and owner of: Direct Current Ltd: Mission ify the grids R&D and development Hellas Rectifiers Ltd: Manufacturing AC/ and / Femtogrid Energy solutions Ltd: Solar micro converters and grids Amstel Rectifiers Ltd: Manufacturing SMPS AC/ Just started: DOE Ltd projects and Horti Lighting Ltd financial (light as a service) Chairmen of the foundation CIGRE member MV working group Politic active in the working group Dutch electric infra IEC SEG 6 and SEG 4 member Chairmen TC 64 Dutch working group LV (NEN 1010) Close cooperation whit the Dutch technical universities Resources to ify the grids Breaking the chicken egg discussion and define system from a helicopter view and testing it on applications FYI, I m dyslectic, so forgive me for spelling mistakes. Language isn t logical.
Toekomst Begin stand Wie gelooft dat een toekomst heeft? Wordt binnen 5 jaar dagelijkse activiteit? Gaat AC in het laagspanningsnet vervangen?
AC had gewonnen Geschiedenis AC has won has lost 1880 Battle between Tesla and Edison War of currents
AC doodlopend Problemen in AC en is AC een winnaar? Er is geen standaard!!! Slimme netten - hoe maak je een dom systeem slim? Verandering kan goedkoper zijn China
Hoe Strategie We hebben een super plan: We hebben een oplossing voor: Niet bestaand probleem Niet bestaande klanten Niet bestaande vraag Dit is een zéér strak plan
HOE Hoe doen we het Visie Functies en AC problemen voeden ons plan Opleidin g Netwer k Politie k masterplan Groot denken Dramme n Lef R&D
oplossing Waar gaat het om Opwekken Besparen Maar belangrijker is de -Verbinding- Gelijkspanning is daarom het fundament onder duurzaamheid
We gebruiken het al USB brengt blijdschap USB is de meest gebruikte stekker USB is een wereldwijde standaard Nu al meer USB stekkers dan mensen USB-C naar 100W goed genoeg voor het echte werk
ificatie proces door de markt USB-C is: Power nu tot 100W Data Domotica Twee richtingen Media Mooi APPLE naar USB-C één systeem Alleen efficiënt te doen via een systeem. Ondersteund door INTEL, APPLE, GOOGLE,SAMSUNG etc.
Feitjes AC versus 1500W / 1500VA(1200W) 75gram / 25kG 150 euro / 350 euro Stand-by 14W / 50W Verlies 100% 30W / 100W Rendement 98% / 93% AC 1.8W adapter AC 30W adapter Stilstand is vooruitgang
future Vision
Meer ificatie enkele voorbeelden Direct Current Nu al meer dan 500 lichtmasten op een infra in de buitenruimte Opstart Haarlemmermeer 1.5MW groeilicht en 715kW zonnepark verbonden via een infrastructuur Femtogrid SolaRoad wegen op RedStack, energie uit zoet/zout water afsluit dijk 250 zonnesystemen bij particulieren op een bus Wij zijn met wereldkampioe n
Public area in public space + CO 2 Dust micro converter With integrated power optimizer Noise Light Detection Sensor bus PV/ PV/ PV/ ² ±350Vdc 700Vdc Smart LED driver + sensors integrated with power line communication Other groups 19: 0 0 B US 17 2 Current OS Current Router Current Router Current Router Double use of the infrastructure AC/ bidirectional converter Outdoor solutions AC Network
public in public space Successfully launched Public lighting on Products and system designed & invented by Direct Current BV N e x t s t op 19: 0 0 B US 1 7 2 Management in the cloud Current OS Example: ±350Vdc Grids Earth fault protection 1..30mA adjustable Full selectivity in protection No breakers and fuses! Cable quality and state is known Lighting protection Arcing detection No underground cable connections Corrosion protection Fully controlled 100% digital converters used Smart grid (Current/OS) Smart LED driver with power line communication Smart AC/ and Power Line Communication networks 2015 Direct Current BV www.directcurrent.eu Current Routers as distribution panels Arc free disconnecting Power Line Communication G3 protocol connected to the cloud No Breaking Current needed for protection Cable length >3km HVAC transmission lines area
3x25A 3x25A 3x25A 3x25A 1x20A 1x20A 1x20A 1x20A NU Huidige situatie Huidige situatie GRID EAN EAN EAN EAN DOM MET gaan we het heel SLIM doen Netbeheerder gaat het net verzwaren GRID EAN EAN EAN EAN
In buildings Mixed grids micro converter With integrated power optimizer PV/ PV/ PV/ PV/ PV/ ROOF ² ±350Vdc 700Vdc LED DRIVER Sensors LED DRIVER LED DRIVER LED DRIVER Sensors LED DRIVER Other groups Double use of the infrastructure Current OS Current Router Current Router AC/ Current Router bidirectional converter Indoor solutions AC Network
Dutch Solution housing 350V or +/-350Vdc (700Vdc) USB-C standard plugs up to 100W 5kWh peak shaving Central based storage EV charging 20kW 3kW Heat pumps 5kW stove 300W ventilation LED lighting Smartness communication isolated from the internet. (data isolation) Supporting the smart grid Privacy from the start AC is an option for old devices Increase capacity in the streets by moving to Current OS 3...20kW 3...20kW 1..3kW Domestic Intelligent Grid <100W LV or MV distrubution Progress and looking into the same direction: 4 large constructors involved 2.4M social households 80% is owned by 7 cooperation's Grid operators involved
application Greenhouses Current OS Lowest decision density for change. (easy to setup) 100W/m² power density lighting 100W/m² Heat power generator Large space available for PV panels Large grid connection
DOE Current case HM 1.5MW PV Product prijs Licht vraag Warmtevraag Kwh prijs m 3 gas prijs Warmte MVAC METER PR Solar greenpoint 715kW PV zonneweide PR 1.3MW Grow light WOZ grens PR Controlled grow lights 1.4MW infrastructure 1.5MW Double use of converters Variable 1.5MW power gen set Next step to connect EV to grid 10/ 20kVac GAS DNO CO2 GAS MOTOR 1,5MW MVAC LVAC WOZ grens 40..100% Generator 400Vac 500...1800rpm KANS!! Vermogens regelaar 3x400Vac 50Hz Economische waarde m 2 LVAC LVAC LV Bouvardia Vreeken 1,4MW HPS LV 2 SON-T +350Vdc M -350Vdc +350Vdc M -350Vdc optie LED Lichtsterkte regelbaar PR METER METER PR Gemeente Haarlemmermeer
Standards Issues found TC64 (NEN1010) AC hand writing and AC glasses textual issues Phase and Pole (need in chapter 7 a additional sub chapter redefinition in terms). M and N (neutral) mismatch. Connected means that current can flow for example a Neutral PE connection. Warning about corrosion in grounded systems is noted Mechanical disconnect (can become a conflict) Wire color not clear yet (but close to be defined) Safe voltage is only safe when power is limited. 120Vdc or 60Vdc Conclusion A Guideline is needed to help to understand systems Examples of installations All cables can be used (but must be mentioned in the datasheet) Discussion left about separation Mechanical versus Converter But the NEC 64 is well written and we don t expect big issues for that can block systems
in practice What does this mean for installers Tools for detecting voltage not depending on AC or Discussion (Light conducting shoes) Knowledge!!!!!! (Training becomes a must) Proper marking and labeling of cables or connection High attention in hybrid systems (AC and combined) We like to see a stronger definition of certification where people can work (not based on voltage but also based on energy level).
breakthrough Future roadmap semiconductors
600Vdc 1500Vdc voltage What voltage? House hybrid AC/ House Heat Pump 2/50kW EV 10/20kW Office 100Wp on Data center >1MW Factory >1MW Ware house lighting Green house >1 MW Steet light Street light Domestic Hiroads Solar System 10kW Solar park 2MW Power Watt/mm2 @ 6A/mm2 Cu mg/w 1m @ 6A/mm2 Can replace 12V X X X X X X X X X X X X X 72 W 247/+1817% - 2 0,6 m 24V X X X X X X X X X X X X X 144 W 124/+858% - 2 1,2 m 48V X X X X X X X X X X X X 288 W 61,8/+379% - 2 2,4 m 60V X X X X X X X X X X X X 360 W 49,4/+283% - 2 2,9 m 110V X X X X X X X X X X X X 660 W 27,0/+109% - 2 5,4 m 220V X X X X X X X X X X 1320 W 13,5/+5% 230Vac 1ph 2 10,8 m 300V X X X X X X X X 1800 W 9,9/-23% 230Vac 1ph 2 14,7 m 350V X X X X X X 2100 W 8,5/-34% 230Vac 1ph 2 17,2 m +/- 190V X X X X X X 2280 W 11,7/-9% 230Vac 1ph 3 18,6 m 380V X X X X X X 2280 W 7,8/-39% 230Vac 1ph 2 18,6 m 400V X X X X X X 2400 W 7,4/-43% 230Vac 1ph 2 19,6 m 500V X X X X X X X X X X X 3000 W 5,9/-54% - 2 24,5 m +/-300V X X X X X 3600 W 7,4/-43% - 3 29,4 m 600V X X X X X X X X X 3600 W 4,9/-23% 400Vac 3ph 2 29,4 m +/- 350V X X X 4200 W 6,4/-51% 230Vac 1ph 3 34,3 m 700V X X X X X X X 4200 W 4,2/-34% 400Vac 3ph 2 34,3 m +/- 380V X X X 4560 W 5,9/-55% 230Vac 1ph 3 37,3 m 760V X X X X X X X X 4560 W 3,9/-39% 400Vac 3ph 2 37,3 m 900V X X X X X X X X X X X 5400 W 3,3/-49% - 2 44,1 m 1000V X X X X X X X X X X X X X 6000 W 3,0/-54% - 2 49,0 m +/- 600V X X X X X X 7200 W 3,7/-42% 400Vac 3ph 3 58,8 m 1200V X X X X X X X X X X X X X 7200 W 2,5/-34% 690Vac 3ph 2 58,8 m +/- 700V X X X X X X 8400 W 3,2/-51% 400Vac 3ph 3 68,6 m 1400V X X X X X X Future X X X X X X 8400 W 2,1/-43% 690Vac 3ph 2 68,6 m Author Harry Stokman 2013 by Direct Current BV internet: www.directcurrent.eu 1380 W 12,9 230Vac 1ph 2 11,3 m EMerge Alliance Best range Proposed standard by Direct Current BV AC 4157 W 6,4 400Vac 3ph 3 34,0 m Possible extension Possible 300V/600V grids 7171 W 3,7 690Vac 3ph 3 58,6 m Wires no PE Distance 1% drop @ 6A/mm2 IEC USA Standard low voltage limits Research done by Direct Current BV application versus voltage level.
systems Proposed system voltage LV350V +350V Power direction LVB350V +350V Power direction SOURCE M 350Vdc SOURCE M 350Vdc 700Vdc 350Vdc PE Max. -20V +20V PE -350V Max. -20V +20V PE LV700V +700V Power direction + 350V M Device PE LVB700V +700V Power direction + 350V M Device + 350V M Device + 700V M Device SOURCE M 700Vdc SOURCE M 700Vdc 1400Vdc 700Vdc PE -700V Max. -20V +20V PE -700V Max. -20V +20V PE + 700V M Device PE + 700V M Device + 700V M Device + 1400V M Device US proposal = ±190Vdc (380Vdc) floating grid (LV limitation 600Vdc) Some EU proposals are ±380Vdc (760Vdc) not scalable to ±760Vdc bypassing the 1500V border Finland ±700V..750Vdc 350Vdc level devices can be made 380Vdc compatible. But there is more definition needed to define an open system. grid codes to maintain safety
What we have achieved is ready to end the war for once and for all Green Deal with Dutch government faculty at TU Delft learning programs at the polytechnics in IEC standardization Proven works in public lighting Greenhouses ready for Development of Current/OS The Netherlands have a world leading role in Many large enterprises cooperate with our small SMA Create solutions to make the next step in a full electric world.
Toekomst Eind stand Wie gelooft dat een toekomst heeft? Wordt binnen 5 jaar dagelijkse activiteit? Gaat AC in het laagspanningsnet verdwijnen?
en nu verder Wat is er voor jullie De markt is enorm!! Samen zijn we unstoppable Doe mee En help ons! Direct Current BV www.directcurrent.eu www.gelijkstroom.nl We hebben een boek uitgegeven, deze is gratis te downloaden of in druk te koop