UIERGEZONDHEID IN VLAANDEREN Uitdagingen & Kansen PIETER PASSCHYN 1 Uiergezondheidspanel, Leuvenum 2 Melkveehouderij in Vlaanderen Totaal quotum per gemeente (Bron: ALV) Gemiddelde levering (Bron: BCZ) 3 4 Aantal melkveebedrijven daalt Gemiddelde levering stijgt Aantal melkveebedrijven in België (Bron: BCZ) Gemiddelde levering in België (Bron: BCZ) 5 6 1
12/11/2016 Enkele cijfers uit 2015 (MCC Vlaanderen) 4826 melkveebedrijven (-2.8% tov 2014) Opgehaald door 20 verschillende kopers (Milcobel, LDA, FC,) 2,324 miljard liter melk (+6% tov 2014) Gemiddeld tankcelgetal : 204.100 cellen/ml Ligboxenstal/weide Conventioneel of automatisch melken 8 7 Grote bedreiging voor veehouder en dier: mastitis Belangrijke bedreiging voor veehouder/dier : mastitis Klinische mastitis Dure aandoening Visuele symptomen Verminderde melkproductie Subklinische mastitis Afwezigheid visuele symptomen Antimicrobiële middelen Immuun respons Antibiotica tijdens lactatie Antibiotica voor kalven (droogstand) Pijn, warmte, roodheid, zwelling, functieverlies Verhoogd celgetal Multifactoriëel Bedrijf, koe en kwartier 9 10 11 12 2
12/11/2016 Belangrijke bedreiging voor opkopers/consument: melkkwaliteit Subklinische mastitis Contaminatie Wettelijke grenswaarden + Kwaliteitspremie ( ) Celgetal Kiemgetal Hygiene Coligetal Water Vriespunt Vuil Antibiotica PARAMETER WETTELIJK KWALITEITSPREMIE Celgetal (geom. gem.)(4x/maand) <400.000 cellen/ml <350.000 cellen/ml Kiemgetal (geom.gem.)(2x/maand) <100.000 cfu/ml <50.000 cfu/ml Coligetal (geom.gem)(2x/maand) Geen bepaling <50 cfu/ml Vriespunt (iedere levering) >510 m C >510 m C Filtratietest (1x/maand) Geen onzuiverheden Geen onzuiverheden Residu (iedere levering) Afwezig Afwezig Filtratie test Antimicrobiële residuen 14 13 15 16 Cases of Mycoplasma bovis mastitis (Source: Dr. Chet Thomas, UW, Madison, 2001) MARKT EMERGING PATHOGENS Lage melkprijs Mycoplasma bovis Volatiele melkprijs Contagieus Grotere kudde- aankoop Geen behandeling/ opruimen 17 18 3
12/11/2016 MAATSCHAPPIJ OPKOPERS Melkkwaliteit & voedselveiligheid Melkkwaliteit & voedselveiligheid Antimicrobiële resistentie Antimicrobiële resistentie Dierwelzijn Dierwelzijn 19 20 GOAL How? Milk production Udder health Automation Milk quality Monitoring programs Labour & cost efficiency Potential bottlenecks? Labour Goals, motivation & mindset Data collection, recording & analysis Follow-up & debriefing Formulation & implementation plan Data Emerging pathogens 21 Veterinary herd health monitoring programs (e.g. reproduction, udder health, youngstock,) 22 Challenges Dairy production on the farm MILK BUYERS SOCIETY MARKET Potential bottlenecks Motivation Milk quality & safety Udder health Lost revenues Extra labour Goals, Extra stress motivation & mindset Follow-up & debriefing Data collection, recording & analysis Formulation & implementation plan Evaluation Monitoring Fine-tuning 23 Potential opportunities Clinical mastitis Subclinical mastitis Culture results Treatment results Risk factors Milking routine Milking equipment s Dry cows Treatment Culling strategy 24 4
DOELSTELLINGEN bovis Distribution of penicillin G Risk factors in treated and nontreated heifers 25 26 MATERIALEN & METHODEN bovis 1 2 Distribution of penicillin G Risk factors in treated and nontreated heifers 3 4 27 28 MATERIALEN & METHODES 1) Questionnaire + parameters (n = 242) 2) Bulk milk samples (n = 201) Culturing Mycoplasma bovis 3) s (n = 6) Penicillin G udder secretion & tissue 4) 10 farms 240 heifers 960 quarters Statistical analysis (SAS, SPSS, MlWin) 29 30 5
Clinical & subclinical mastitis bovis Subclinical mastitis (cells/mlx1000) High subclinical mastitis (12.4%) 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 Mixed (21.9%) 33% recording clinical mastitis 33% culturing 26% protocol 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 % Clinical mastitis/month Good udder health High clinical (35.1%) mastitis (30.6%) 31 32 bovis Herds (n=242) 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 12 months milk quality (52.9%) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Number of months premium is achieved 33 34 Prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis bovis in Flanders 1,5 % of the herds ( 1/66 Flemish herds) Risk factors for udder health: Participation in udder health monitoring/fertility programs Cows kept in headlocks after milking Percentage of culling/year 35 36 6
Risk factors for bacterial count Cleaning frequency Automatic cluster removal Risk factors for coliform count Treatment of prepartum heifers with antimicrobials Teat preparation: wet and dry after/automatic Premilking teat disinfection Milking with high line/automated milking system Dry mineral mix provided Milking with tandem/automated milking system 37 38 Risk factors for achieving during 12 months Premilking teat disinfection Dry mineral mix provided Clinical mastitis >3%/month Automated milking system Distribution of penicillin G Risk factors in treated and nontreated heifers Concentration in mammary tissue and secretion higher than the MIC90 of pathogens associated with heifer mastitis Preventive use in the field? 39 40 Distribution of penicillin G Risk factors in treated and nontreated heifers Short-term effects: less subclinical mastitis No long-term effects on milk yield, somatic cell count, clinical mastitis and culling No difference in susceptibility in treated and untreated heifers Distribution of penicillin G Risk factors in treated and nontreated heifers Treated heifers: >1 day in calving pen Contact with lactating cows before calving Untreated heifers: Udder edema 41 42 7
Subclinical mastitis (cells/ml) 250.000-400.000 100.000-200.000-26 3,6-132 - 110-114 - 92 All - 220-198 No 43 1.5% 5% Clinical mastitis (%/month) 44 International prevention plan Not well implemented Recording clinical mastitis & subclinical mastitis Treatment mastitis: different opinions Communication: opportunity? Milk quality Coliform count is major reason for not achieving the premium Rethink payment system? Herd health monitoring Opportunity? 45 46 Automated milking systems (AMS) Different risk factors in treated and untreated heifers Challenge for udder health and Cleaning of teats and detection of abnormal milk Less use of antimicrobials different Dry cow therapy? Pro-active mastitis prevention and control plan specific for AMS herds = opportunity 47 48 8
CONCLUSIE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Challenges MILK BUYERS SOCIETY MARKET Motivation Every-day risk for residues Lost revenues Bulk tank monitoring of Mycoplasma bovis Regular fertility checks Goals, Data collection, motivation & recording & mindset analysis Effective communication Formulation & Follow-up & implementation debriefing plan Bottlenecks Recording clinical & subclinical mastitis Bacteriological culturing Antimicrobial sensitivity testing Standard protocol Automated milking systems BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM MSD BAYER MCC UGENT 4-to 6-weekly udder health monitoring Culling strategy Opportunities 49 50 VRAGEN? 51 9