Outline A PERMANENT PASTURE LAYER BASED ON OPEN DATA 11/24/2014. The creation and monitoring of a permanent pasture layer

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1 A PERMANENT PASTURE LAYER BASED ON OPEN DATA The creation and monitoring of a permanent pasture layer 20 th of November 2014, Marcel Meijer Outline Open Data in the Netherland Greening elements Calculating permanent Alphanumeric/declared Spatial Difficulties Monitoring permanent 1

2 Open Data in the Netherlands crop parcel data satellite data 2

Biomass index for the Netherlands Greening elements The 3 basic measures foreseen are: maintaining permanent ; and crop diversification (a farmer must cultivate at least 2 crops when his

The main crop may cover at most 75% of arable land, and the two main crops at most 95% of the arable area); maintaining an ecological focus area of at least 5% of the arable area of the

3 Biomass index for the Netherlands Greening elements The 3 basic measures foreseen are: maintaining permanent ; and crop diversification (a farmer must cultivate at least 2 crops when his arable land exceeds 10 hectares and at least 3 crops when his arable land exceeds 30 hectares. The main crop may cover at most 75% of arable land, and the two main crops at most 95% of the arable area); maintaining an ecological focus area of at least 5% of the arable area of the holding for farms with an area larger than 15 hectares (excluding permanent ) i.e. field margins, hedges, trees, fallow land, landscape features, biotopes, buffer strips, afforested area. This figure will rise to 7% after a Commission report in 2017 and a legislative proposal. 3

4 Calculating the ratio of permanent pasture Over the years Based on location Alphanumeric analysis 2012 arable arable arable arable arable Use of the land in previous years is unknown Based on just alphanumeric data it is impossible to ascertain if a parcel declared in 2012 actually is permanent pasture 4

5 Permanent on a yearly basis Onderdeel Blijvend grasland Natuurlijk grasland Natuurlijk grasland Natuurlijk grasland Natuurlijk grasland Subtotaal (a) Totaal landbouwgrond Overige natuurterreinen Bos met herplantplicht Overige natuurterreinen Heide begraasd Overige natuurterreinen Subtotaal (b) Aandeel blijvend grasland 42,68% 43,35% 41,83% 43,34% 43,93% 42,79% 41,37% 41,07% CBS Areaal landbouwgrond CBS Areaal blijvend grasland CBS Aandeel blijvend grasland 41.5% 41.0% 41.8% 41.1% 41.2% 40.5% 39.1% 38.3% In ha permanent pasture Are we talking about the same parcels???? In ha permanent pasture Permanent Pasture Chart 45,00% 44,00% 43,00% 42,00% 41,00% 40,00% 39,00% Open Data Paying Agency Open Statistical Data 38,00% 37,00% 36,00% 35,00%

Spatial analysis Combining all the different crop years 1 st year 6 th year arable arable General rules Farmers declaration is correct unless there are indications that he made an error After 5 years

6 Spatial analysis Combining all the different crop years 1 st year 6 th year arable arable General rules Farmers declaration is correct unless there are indications that he made an error After 5 years declaring land as it is considered permanent pasture in the 6 th year (including temporary ) If a year is missing and in 2012 it is declared as permanent, and there are no indications that the land was used for something else in the previous five years, than the land is considered as permanent 6

7 Difficulties spatial analysis Crop codes changed Many small changes Missing data Crop codes changed during the year Onderdeel Blijvend grasland Natuurlijk grasland Natuurlijk grasland Natuurlijk grasland Natuurlijk grasland (a) Gewascodes / Gewascodes /2011 Gewascodes / Subtotaal Overige natuurterreinen 2301 Natuurlijk grasland met hoofdfunctie Natuurlijk grasland Totaal landbouwgrond landbouw 3722 Overige natuurterreinen Blijvend grasland Bos met herplantplicht Natuurlijk grasland (begraasd) met Natuurlijk grasland Overige natuurterreinen Heide begraasd beperkte landbouwactiviteit Overige natuurterreinen Overige 2303 Overige natuurterreinen 3722 natuurterreinen Subtotaal (b) Heide begraasd Heide Natuurlijk grasland 3718 Natuurlijk 1905 Natuurlijk grasland met hoofdfunctie grasland 43,93% 42,79% Aandeel blijvend grasland 42,68% 43,35% 41,83% 43,34% 41,37% 41,07% landbouw Blijvend grasland CBS Areaal landbouwgrond CBS Areaal blijvend grasland Natuurlijk grasland (begraasd) met Natuurlijk grasland % 40.5% CBS Aandeel blijvend grasland 41.5% 41.0% 41.8% 41.1% 39.1% 38.3% beperkte landbouwactiviteit 2303 Overige natuurterreinen 3722 Overige natuurterreinen Crop codes natural changed Reclassifying the data 7

8 Many small differences In 2014 parcel smaller than in 2013 and 2012 In 2013 a small corner dissapeared Digitisation error Many small differences 8

9 Many small differences - Texel Many small differences General solution is allocating small differences/slivers to the biggest neighbouring parcel (within the reference block)

10 Missing years arable unknown arable unknown unknown unknown arable unknown for the first time declared Missing years the numbers Gewasgroep Permanent Natural Temporary totaal year missing ha several years missing ha 10

11 Missing years (rasterdata) Satellite and areal imagery Imagery available from 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 Missing years (biomass) minimal value maximum value average value Normalised Difference Vegetation Index Typical NDVI values: Water: <0 Bare soil: 0.1 ~ 0.2 Vegetation: 0.2 ~

12 Gewasgroei ontwikkeling arable land natural 12

50 0 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 objectid General results

13 11/24/2014 Checking missing years Average biomass value for missing parcels in biomassa waarde gemiddelde objectid General results analysis missing years Conclusion: Grassland Low values are edges and nature 13

14 Interesting findings Temporary pasture in some cases permanent Permanent pasture in some cases isn t permanent based on the history Intensive vs extensive use 14

15 Monitoring management Monitoring other activities Spring and autumn bare soil Autumn bare soil Red = 15th of March Green = 30th of September Blue = 14th of November Checking permanent Spring bare soil 15

16 Monitoring natura2000 areas Permanent in Natura2000 areas In conclusion It is possible to measure activities on It is possible to measure crop cover / catch crops 16

17 Questions Contactdetails: nl.linkedin.com/pub/marcel-meijer/19/814/4aa/ 17

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