Conferentie Onderzoek in Applied Science 7 november 2012, Hanzehogeschool.

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1 Conferentie Onderzoek in Applied Science 7 november 2012, Hanzehogeschool

2 Stenden PRE Polymore Research & Education Door Rudy Folkersma

3 Province of Drenthe Community of Emmen SNN (Samenwerkingsverband Noord Nederland) API Institute (Applied Polymer Innovations) NUON (Emmtec Services) Stenden University of Applied Sciences Stenden PRE is part-financed by the European Union, European Regional Development Fund and the Northern Netherlands Provinces (SNN)

4 Research Recycling / Upcycling Upcycling is the reuse of plastics for higher use applications. This can be done by removing plastic parts from discarded products, or by processing plastic waste into a valuable raw material. Biopolymers The term biopolymers has two meanings and in practice they often go together. Polymers of biological origin are often called biopolymers, however polymers that are biodegradable are also called biopolymers. Smart Materials In this topics research and development is performed for smart or sensory materials. For instance the use of sensor technology in textile applications. Examples include protective clothings and seatbealts. Biocomposites Materials that are made out of natural fibres like hemp, flax, wood etc. and (bio)polymers.

5 Facilities Stenden University (polymer technology laboratory) Injection molding, extruders, compounding and mechanical test laboratory. Emmtec Services (analytical laboratory) Analytical equipment for polymer research (e.g. IR, UV, GPC and DSC). Applied Polymer Innovations Emmen (laboratory for applied polymer research) Equipment for determination of physical properties, rheology and microscopical research. Test instruments for fibre spinning.

6 Onderwijs Stenden PRE Curriculum Werktuigbouwkunde en Life Science Doorlopende leerlijnen Werktuigbouwkunde en Life Science met het Drenthe College. Major: materiaalkunde kunststoffen, ontwerp matrijs, projecten, keuzevak, stage en afstuderen. Minoren (15 ec) Master (120 ec) algemene minor duurzame kunststoffen onderzoeksminor duurzame kunststoffen Samen met Windesheim Zwolle (partners RUG, WUR, UT) Curriculumontwikkeling samen met bedrijven Begeleiding promovendi

7 Projecten Stenden PRE Cumapol PEZY Morssinkhof Tilmar Codin API Institute HZW OBS Angelso energiehuishouding recycling / design for disassembly energiehuishouding extrusietechnologie en simulatie duurzame coatings dominostenen recycling (sorteermachine) kunstwerk

8 Afstuderen Stenden PRE Claudia Cluth Gouke Kuipers Matthias Mahlmann Michael de Jong Patrick Kaspers Richard Trip Thomas Schreuder Vincent Rolfes Waldo Bruinsma FHW Moulds GmbH Fokker Tilmar Fokker Tilmar API Institute Fokker DSM Fokker

9 Onderzoek Stenden PRE Biocomposieten 3D Printing Additieven Toepassing biopolymeren Spuitgietoptimalisatie Daan van Rooijen Gerard Slot / Jan Jager Raymond Gommers Alle medewerkers promovendus Werner Timans

10 BIOCOMPOSITES 2.0: ORIENTATION & BIOBASED

11 NATURAL FABRIC REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC LAMINATES

12 NATHPRO NATURAL TEXTILES REINFORCED THERMOSET PROFILES

13 NATURAL FIBRE HIGH PERFORMANCE PROFILES Goals Processing natural fibre using pultrusion proces. Replacement of glass fibre, hardwood, plastic and metal profiles. 20 % cheaper than glass fibre profiles 40 % lower environmentimpact than glass fibre profiles.

14 HET PULTRUSIE PROCES

15 PROCESS RESEARCH PRINCE

16 Resultaten > 40 Gpa buigstijfheid, Hardwood = 18,6 Gpa > 300 Mpa buigsterkte, Hardwood = 156 Mpa Geschikt voor hoogbelaste en vuurbestendige constructietoepassingen Ten minste 40% Lagere milieubelasting dan hout

17 Resultaten 25% stijver en 30% lichter dan glasvezel versterkte profielen Goedkoper dan glasvezel versterkte profielen Brandwerend en extreem weersbestendig (vocht en UV licht)

18 VIDEO BRANDTESTJE

19 Resultaten WPC FLAX comp Flax/ PF Glass/EP Known Known Tested Known Buig sterkte: 73 MPa 300 MPa 300 MPa 1050 MPa Buig stijfheid : 7,2 Gpa 28 GPa 41 GPa 30 Gpa Hitte afgifte

20 Vergelijk BIOCOMPOSIETEN eigenschapen

21 GEVERFD VURENHOUT EN STAAL VERSUS NATHPRO Balk van 15 cm x 5 cm x 2 m met 150 kg belasting met gelijke doorbuiging F Vuren hout Staal NATHPRO Hoogte 150 mm 50 mm 100 mm Wanddikte - 3,6 mm 4,2 mm Volume per m 7.50 dm3 0,72 dm3 1,26 dm3 Gewicht per m 3,23 kg 5,62 kg 2,39 kg Geschatte kosten per m in euro Eco-impact per m 5,1 Mpt 6,26 Mpt 2,00 Mpt GER per m 106 MJ 98,0 MJ 43,6 MJ Max. belasting 86 kg 276 kg 482 kg

22 Vergelijk Biocomposieten: balken en kokers

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27 BAMBOO CONSTRUCTIES

28 BLINDERINGEN AND JALOUZIEN

29 BIOMIMICRY FOR BUILDING MATERIALS BIOPREG a thermoplastic biocomposite reinforced with natural fabric Fully biodegradable anf 100% recyclble As stiff as glasfibre composite but two times greener 5 times stronger then soft wood C18 The first high performance biocomposites for structural applications Suitable for outdoor applications Resistant to water, chemicals and sunlight (UV) Can be cutted, sawed drilled and painted, printed and glued

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31 Color samples

32 DESIGN PROPERTIES Textiles can be painted and printed. Textures, sheets and foam can be pressed within one step. Thin sheets can be folded and cutted

33 Two processes for BIOPREG: filmstacking and mixed textiles

34 PROPERTIES Different polymers are possible: PP PLA, PET, PA Properties are comparable to High pressure laminate (TRESPA) Very robust and impact resistant.

35 ZWARTZ BIOPREG WOOD WORKING HANDLING Thickness between 0,15 mm to 150 mm flat and rolled Can be glued and painted as wood products Can be cutted, sawed and drilled with tools for wood

36 ZWARTZ BIOPREG PRESS SPECIFICATIONS Production series from 10 to 10 million Short pressing times : 1-3 minutes Vacuum pressing is possible for low depth shapes Maximum deep drawing ratio = 1: 1

37 FOLDING, WELDING INSERTS AND EDGE PRESSING

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39 TOOL TO DESIGN THE PERFORMANCES OF BIOPREG SKIN ASHBY : STRUCTURELE EFFICIENCY VAN SANDWICHES Price / stiffness en price / strength indices stiffness (E ) 1/3 strength ( ƒt ) 2/3 M-Eb sandwich = M-Fb sandwich = Costs * density ( ) Costs * density ( ) Eco-impact / stifness en Eco-impact / tensile strength indices stiffness (E ) 1/3 strength ( ƒt ) 2/3 M-Eb sandwich = M-Fb sandwich = Eco-ind m * density ( ) Eco-ind m * density ( )

40 COMPARISON WEIGHT, COSTS AND ENERGY USE 80 MM SANDWICH PANELS WITH DIFFERENT SKINS

41 COMPARISON MATERIAL EFFICIENCY ON EQUAL STIFFNESS Weight reduction: the higher, the better

42 COMPARISON MATERIAL EFFICIENCY ON EQUAL STIFFNESS Cost and eco-impact reduction: the higher, the better PARISON MATERIAL EFFICIENCY ON EQUAL STIFFNESS

43 FIBRE BOARD AND STEEL VERSUS BIOPREG Sandwich 8 cm thickness of 1 x 2 m Equal deflection F Fibre board Steel BIOPREG Wall thickness 8,0 mm 0,7 mm 1,5 mm Volume per m 16,00 dm3 1,40 dm3 3,00 dm3 Weight per m 10,24 kg 5,49 kg 2,97 kg Costs estimate per m2 in euro Eco-impact per m 7,68 Mpt 70,7 Mpt 1,20 Mpt GER per m 202,7 MJ 810,0 MJ 21,4 MJ Max. load 850 kg kg kg

44 GLAS/PP AND TRESPA VERSUS BIOPREG Sandwich 8 cm thickness of 1 x 2 m Equal deflection F Glass/PP Volkern BIOPREG Wall thickness 0,8 mm 2,3 mm 1,5 mm Volume per m 1,60 dm3 4,60 dm3 3,00 dm3 Weight per m 3,19 kg 6,58 kg 2,97 kg Costs estimate per m2 in euro Eco-impact per m 8,39 Mpt 64,40 Mpt 1,20 Mpt GER per m 129,4 MJ 169,4 MJ 21,4 MJ Max. load kg kg kg

45 SUITABLE CORE MATERIALS 1) Fibre insulations mats: Sheep wool Celluose-insulation Flax or hemp mat

46 2) Foam plates Recycled PET foam commercially available. Not suited for insulation but for high performance construction panels and windmill bladed Paper foam

47 BIO FOAM Commercially available. Is a foam produced from PLA granules that can be produced in different densities. As a blowing agent, CO2 is used. It is Cradle to Cradle certified. PLA honeycomb Commercially available. Is a foam produced from PLA granules that can be produced in different densities. As a blowing agent, CO2 is used. It is Cradle to Cradle certified.

48 3) Other core plates End grain Balsa wood Balsa has a superior compression strength. Local forming of the sandwich should take place by milling the balsa core and subsequently hot pressing of the facing. Paper honeycomb Paper honeycombs are very common in the furniture industry, like they are applied in the doors cabinets and closets. These honeycombs are cheap and come in many varieties to fit the requirements. Forming of the sandwich should take place by milling or cutting out the honeycomb locally and subsequently the hot pressing of the facing.

49 Suitable top foils to improve weather resistancy and fire resistancy Geopolymer as binder for woodfibre or for natural fibres - Biobased - Waterstable - Extreem weather resistance - Extreem fire safety BIO PA11 - Biobased castoroil - Lightness and Density - Superior Impact Resistance - High Scratch Resistance at low T - High Transparency - Decorability and Design Versatility

50 TABLE TOP(1999) Replacement of Trespa

51 DESIGN FURNITURE Design furniture Jute fabric/ Balsa core

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