Wienerberger And Sustainability of The Wall Element Steven Vanden Brande

Transcriptie

1 Steven Vanden Brande

2 2 What is sustainability of the wall element? - Sustainability requires a holistic approach : everything has to be taken into account as much as possible. (multi criteria analysis) - The best tool to achieve this is LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) which evaluates the impact of the material during its full life cycle and on a broadest possible scale (Cradle to Grave). - The performance of building materials is always interrelated (brickmortar-plaster ) You cannot evaluate one component without taking into account the other components used in the building. - Ideal: a complete analysis per building to determine its sustainability, however, this would be very complex, with hardly any reference for other buildings. - Wall element: sub-component of the building (ex. 1m² wall, roof, ).

3 3 LCI Plaster LCI Inner Walls LCI Mortar LCI Insulation ISO 140 LCI Façade LCI Mortar

4 4 Some examples of LCAs

5 5 Niet-dragende binnenwanden: initiële milieubelasting (cradle-to-gate) 2,5 draadnagels D4 x 100 mm 2 gipskarton 2 x 1,25 cm ecopunten/m2 wand 1,5 1 schroeven gipskarton 1,25 cm rotswol in houtskelet 9 cm houtskelet 9 cm 0,5 gipspleister 1 cm 0 NDBi1 NDBi2 NDBi3 NDBi4 snelbouwsteen 29x09x14, gepleisterd snelbouwsteen 29x09x19, gepleisterd houtskelet 9 cm, enkele gipskartonplaat houtskelet 9 cm, dubbele gipskartonplaat cementmortel snelbouwsteen 9 cm

6 6 Dragende binnenwanden: initiële milieubelasting (cradle-to-gate) 3 2,5 gipskarton 2 x 1,25 cm + schroeven rotswol in houtskelet 14 cm 2 draadnagels D4 x 100 mm ecopunten/m2 wand 1,5 1 0,5 houtskelet 14 cm gipskarton 1,25 cm + schroeven gipspleister 1 cm 0 DBi1 DBi2 DBi3 DBi4 DBi5 DBi6 snelbouwsteen snelbouwsteen snelbouwsteen snelbouwsteen houtskelet 14 cm, ok houtskelet 14 cm, 29x14x14, 29x14x19, 29x19x14, 29x19x19, enkele dubbele gepleisterd gepleisterd gepleisterd gepleisterd gipskartonplaat gipskartonplaat cementmortel snelbouwsteen 14 cm

7 7 Buitenwanden: initiële milieubelasting (cradle-to-gate) 4,5 4,0 3,5 ecopunten/m2 wand 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,5 1,0 OSB draadnagels D4 x 100 mm houtskelet dampscherm (PE/PP) gipskarton (1,25 cm) waterscherm (PE) schroeven gevelsteen spouwanker staal 0,5 0,0 Bu1 Bu2 Bu3 snelbouwsteen 29x14x14-14 cm rotswol - gevelsteen snelbouwsteen 29x14x19-14 cm rotswol - gevelsteen houtskelet 14 cm - gevelsteen rotswol 14 cm cementmortel snelbouwsteen 14 cm gipspleister 1 cm

8 8 Initiële milieubelasting: binnenwanden - buitenwanden (cradle-to-gate) 5,0 Brick Inner wall Wood skeleton inner wall Brick Carr inner wall Woodsk Carr inner wall Brick Cavity Wall Wood Sk. Outer Cavity wall 4,5 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 NDBi1 NDBi2 NDBi3 NDBi4 DBi1 DBi2 DBi3 DBi4 DBi5 DBi6 Bu1 Bu2 Bu3 ecopunten/eenheid element

9 9 Initiële financiële kost en initiële milieubelasting: vergelijking binnenwanden - buitenwanden (ASPEN en Ecoinvent gegevens) NDBi1 NDBi2 NDBi3 NDBi4 DBi1 DBi2 DBi3 DBi4 DBi5 DBi6 Bu1 Bu2 Bu3 euro/eenheid element Brick Outer wall financiële kost milieubelasting There is no correlation between the cost of the Wood sk inner Brick inner wall Wood sk inner Brick inner wall LB wall LB solution and a good score as far as sustainability wall is concerned. Wood Sk Outer wall ecopunten/eenheid element 0

10 10 Sustainability and life span SUSTAINABILITY LIFE SPAN INITIAL IMPACT

11 11 Housing in Belgium (4,6 million) 21% 17% = stuks opgericht voor % opgericht van 1900 tot 1918 opgericht van 1919 tot % 15% opgericht van 1946 tot 1961 opgericht van 1962 tot 1970 opgericht van 1971 tot % 14% opgericht na 1981

12 Research by X-tra Muros on behalf of Wienerberger covering 1100 buildings - Of all houses with original building materials (48,6% of the total number) 34,98% are made of clay bricks, this means 70% of the original houses built before 1900 are made of bricks. For original houses built before 1850 this percentage is 68%! - Of all façades (original, restored, renovated) 68,8% are visibly constructed with bricks - Assuming that underneath the plastered walls there will be a brick layer 88,9% is made of bricks! - Of all façades studied 33,96% still had the original bricks (45,85% original plastering incl.) - When looking at the choice of materials for renovation (50,32% of all the considered buildings were renovated), 27,51% used bricks, this means that in half of the renovation cases people stick to bricks 12

13 13 Overzicht buitenwanden, verwarming met aardgas (gewonen ketel) Totale milieubelasting (ecopunten/m2 wand, jaar) 0,45 0,40 0,35 0,30 0,25 0,20 0,15 0,10 0,05 0,00-0,05-0,10 Bu1_scen 1_60j Brick Outer wall 60y Bu1_scen 2_60j Bu2_scen 1_60j Bu2_scen 2_60j Wood Outer wall 60y Energy Bu3_scen 1_60j Bu1_scen 1_90j Brick Outer wall 90 y Replacements Bu2_scen 1_90j Wood Sk wall 90y Bu3_scen 1_90j Brick Outer wall 120y Bu1_scen 1_120j Bu2_scen 1_120j Wood Ouder wall 120y Bu3_scen 1_120j initiële kost initieel transport verwarming vervangingen transport vervangingen EOL einde levensduur EOL vervangingen transport EOL einde levensduur transport EOL vervangingen

14 14 Conclusions LCA studies are scientifically reliable tools to measure the sustainability of building materials. It makes no sense to compare building materials when looking at sustainability, because the performance of all materials used in the building are interrelated, hence the minimum level for comparison is the wall element. The Eco impact of ceramic walls is at least as durable/ecological as for wooden constructions. The impact of transportation on the eco score is huge. Therefore one cannot compare eco scores from one location to the one of other locations. It is worthwhile to produce and sell products locally as much as possible. When designing long lasting products, one has to take into account the impact of replacement scenarios: a solution which initially scored well may turn out to be less durable when considering its full life cycle. The longer the life span, the less important the initial impact of the element becomes, energy loss turned out to be the most important for walls in the long run, therefore especially in case of long life cycles, it is worthwhile to insulate more. NPV-cost optimisation of a cavity wall, is obtained through excellent insulation.