X!n. circuleert. Xuè. Fèi. combines. Zōng Qì. Inter-transform. Jīn-Yè. Fluid & Sweat: identical source Xuè & Sweat: identical source

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1 X!n maakt circuleert Reguleert hoeveelheid (in circulatie) G"n Slaat op Ondersteunt transformatie van maakt Toeleverancier van Houdt vast Pí Food transformed into by Gŭ Qì combines to transform into Kōng Qì Zhēn Qì Pí more refined than Zōng Qì with help of formed into Qì Yíng Qì Yuán Qì This is a simplification. The whole process is more complex Xīn and Sweat Governs Inter-transform Reaches to body surface Xīn Jīn-Yè Sweat Fluid & : identical source Fluid & Sweat: identical source & Sweat: identical source Sweat = Xīn fluid

2 Bā g Jīn-Yè Zàng Bā g Xū (deficiency) Qì Yáng Yīn Jīng Zàng Xīn,, Pí, Xīn, Xīn, Pí, Xīn,,, Bā g Shí (Excess) Qì (stagnatie) (stasis) Yáng (rising) Zàng Xīn, Bā g Pathogen Zàng Bā g Zàng Bā g Pathogen Zàng Shí (Excess) Shī-Rè Shī-Tán Tán Tán-Huŏ Tán-Rè Tán-Yĭn Dry Tán Hán-Tán Pí, Xīn Xīn,, Xīnbāo, Pí Shí (Excess) Huŏ Rè Fēng-Hán Fēng-Rè Fēng-Shuĭ Internal Fēng Xīn, Xīnbāo, Bā g Jīn-Yè Fŭ Bā g Xū Qì Yīn Fŭ (deficiency) Dryness Dà Cháng Hán Dà Cháng, Páng Guāng Bā g Shí (Excess) Qì Rè Hán Huŏ Shī Shī-Rè Shī-Hán Fŭ, Dà Cháng Dà Cháng, Xiăo Cháng, Dà Cháng Dăn, Dăn, PG, DC Páng Guāng

3 Qì Xū Xīn palpitations, tiredness, pale face, shortness of breath shortness of breath, weak voice, slight cough, catch colds, dislike cold, tiredness, daytime sweating Pí poor appetite, tiredness, loose stools, lassitude, slight abdominal distention after eating, weakness of limbs tiredness in morning, uncomfortable feeling epigastrium, lack of taste sensation, loose stool, weak limbs Kidney-Qi not Firm: dribbling after urination, chronic vaginal discharge, backache, Kidneys failing to receive Qi: shortness of breath on exertion, difficult inhaling, lower backache, clear urination Xū Xīn palpitations (evening), insomnia, poor memory, pale tongue. dizziness, anxiety. blurred vision, scanty periods, pale tongue, dizziness, tingling/numbness limbs, 'floaters' in eyes, cramps, brittle nails

4 Shī Rè Dăn Dà Cháng fullness hypochondrium and abdomen, feeling of heaviness, nausea, bitter and sticky taste, sticky yellow coating, huá xián shuò mài. yellow vaginal discharge, vaginal itching, redness and swelling scrotum, genital skin rashes, dark urine, burning urination. SOA. Combination of Liver Heat and Dampness. fullness hypochondrium, bitter taste, sticky yellow coating on right side. P: huá xián shuò mài. nausea, inability to digest fats, fever, thirst without desire to drink, dizziness, tinnitus, irritability, feeling of heaviness in body, alternating hot cold feeling, numbness of limbs, swelling of feet. abdominal pain, diarrhea with mucus and blood in stools. offensive odor of stools, burning anus, feeling of heat (or fever), thirst without desire to drink, feeling of heaviness in body and limbs. T: red with sticky yellow coating. P: huá shuò mài. epigastric fullness, feeling of heaviness, nausea, sticky yellow tongue coating. facial pain, blocked nose or thick sticky nasal discharge, thirst without desire to drink, feeling of heat. T: red with sticky yellow coating. P: huá shuò mài. Páng Guāng burning urination, dark urine, difficult urination. frequent and urgent urination, dark-yellow/turbid urine, blood in urine, fever, thirst without desire to drink, feeling of heat. Bladder infection. P: huá shuò mài. T: thick sticky coating on root with red spots.

5 Xīn Xū failing to nourish Xīn palpitations (afternoon/evening) or abnormal heart beats. Malnutrition of Shén Insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep. failing to nourish head, face, tongue dizziness, blurred vision, poor memory, dull-pale complexion, pale lips, pale tongue. Malnutrition of blood vessels Choppy (sè) or Fine (xì) pulse. Xū Xīn Xū Xīn Yīn Xū Xīn en... Huŏ : Vuur verstoort de Shén en circulatie onrust, insomnia (nachtmerries), aften op de tong, dorst, bloedingen, delerium, manie Huŏ Xīn Huŏ Tán : Tán verstoort mentale activiteit en Shén verstoorde geest, bewusteloosheid, moeilijke spraak, depressief, achterblijvende geestelijke ontwikkeling & onsamenhangende spraak (kinderen), rochelen. Pí,, Xū Tán Voorbeeld van afhankelijkheden tussen patronen - vanuit de Lever beschouwd. Stress Rè Qì Yù Yū Xū Xīn Xū Yīn Xū Fēng Yáng Yīn Xū Huŏ blazing Xīn Huŏ blazing

6 : Yáng is hyperactief : Vuur is hyperactief Pathogenese Manifestaties Pathogenese Manifestaties stijgen Qì en bonkende hoofdpijn, tinnitus, duizeligheid beïnvloedt hoofd en ogen duizeligheid, rood gezicht, rode ogen beïnvloedt normale Lever functie beïnvloedt Shén geïrriteerd, onrust, woede insomnia, dromen beïnvloedt normale Lever functie beïnvloedt Galblaas geïrriteerd, onrust, woede bittere smaak in mond, tinnitus, doofheid, oorontsteking Qì Xū Qì cannot disperse & descend shortness of breath, slight cough. Inadequate production of Zōng Qì weak voice, doesn t like to speak. -Qì weak spontaneous daytime sweating, propensity to catch cold. -Qì not warming dislike of cold. Qì Xū tiredness, pale complexion. Pí Qì Xū/Xīn Qì Xū Qì Xū Invasion Fēng-Hán -Qì rebellious (due to invasion) Cough, sneezing. Obstruction opening orifice nasal obstruction, runny nose with watery discharge. Qì (defensive) failing to nourish exterior slight aversion to Wind-Cold. Qì fighting with EPF heat effusion Hán obstruction Qì flow in Tài Yáng occipital headache, general body aches Hán blocking còu lĭ no sweating Fēng-Hán attacks exterior floating-tight pulse (fú jĭn mài), white tongue coating. Invasion Fēng-Rè -Qì rebellious (due to invasion) Cough, sneezing. Obstruction opening orifice nasal obstruction, runny nose with yellow discharge. Qì (defensive) failing to nourish exterior slight aversion to cold. Qì fighting with EPF fever Rè obstruction Qì flow in Tài Yáng headache, general body aches Rè consuming fluids (Jīn) slight thirst, sore throat Fēng-Rè attacks exterior floating-rapid pulse (fú shuò mài), white/yellow tongue coating Central heating, cooks, steelworkers.

7 Tán-Rè Yōng (Phlegm in Lungs) Qì cannot disperse & descend (barking) cough, wheezing, shortness of breath. Mixed Tán-Rè goes up with adverse Qì flow yellow/green sticky sputum, phlegm in throat. Mixed Tán-Rè obstruct meridian oppression in chest Rè consuming body fluids thirst Interior Rè transmitting to exterior fever Tán obstruction dizziness, heaviness Interior Rè and Tán red tongue, yellow (greasy) coating, shuò huá mài Pí Qì Xū (Qì stagnation) Phlegm-Heat in. Pí Qì Xū Abnormal function yùnhuà poor appetite, abdominal distention (after eating). Internal water retention loose stool, edema, swollen tongue + teeth marks. Insufficient production of Qì and pale complexion, pale tongue. Impaired transportation of Gŭ-Qì tiredness, lassitude (vermoeidheid/ongeïnteresseerdheid). Pí Qì Xū Pí Yáng Xū / Pí Qì sinking / Pí not holding Pí en... Pí Yáng Xū: Pí Qì Xū + warming function of Yáng deficient feeling cold, cold limbs. Pí Xū Qì Xiàn ( 脾 虚 气 陷 ) -Spleen Qi sinking: condition of Pí Qì failing to ascend bearing-down sensation in abdomen, prolapse (severe), frequency & urgency of urination, dizziness, abnormally heavy or prolonged menstruation (menorrhagia) Pí bù tŏng ( 脾 不 统 血 ) failing to control Blood: Qì failing to keep in vessels blood in urine or stool, profuse menstruation, other bleeding, pale tongue, xì mài. Opmerking over Flegma : Volgens Coëlho - Zakwoordenboek der Geneeskunde en Dikke Van Dalen: Flegma slijm (obsoleet), tegenwoordig bedoelt men met flegma: flegmatisch temperament, onverstoorbare kalmte, bijna ongevoelige bedaardheid. Phlegm = slijm, Chinees medisch Tán 痰. Dus niet meer flegma gebruiken als je slijm bedoeld. Vooral als je ook met westers medisch geschoolden gaat overlegen komt dit een beetje dom over.

8 : Yīn en Yáng Pathogenese Yáng verwarmt onderrug en botten niet beïnvloedt water metabolisme Manifestaties onderugpijn en kniepijn oedeem Yīn voedt botten niet onderugpijn en kniepijn Yīn voedt merg niet duizeligheid, tinnitus Pathogenese Water controleert Hart-Vuur niet Hyperactiviteit Nier- Vuur Yīn! deficiënte Hitte Manifestaties insomnia en dromen Frequente behoefte sex, nachtelijke zaadlozing nachtzweten, 5 palmen hitte, droge keel en mond en tong - Maag: Veel voorkomende Maag problemen: Misselijkheid, boeren, de hik Qì Nì. door te snel eten, werken tijdens het eten, emoties tijdens het eten. Hout (Lever) valt de Aarde (Maag) aan. Koude in de Maag: denk aan koude cola bij McD. Vuur in de Maag: aften op tandvlees, honger gevoel, vieze adem, maagzuur Voedselstagnatie Huŏ Chìshèng - Maag Vuur Qì disorder burning epigastric pain, sour regurgitation, nausea, vomiting. Hyper-function excessive hunger. Adverse descending of turbid Qì foul breath. Heat consuming body fluids thirst for cold drinks, dry stools. Internal Huŏ (ascending through meridian) bleeding gums, mouth ulcers, feeling of heat, red tongue, yellow coating. Dà Cháng - Dikke Darm: Damp-Hitte diarree, brandend gevoel anus, stinkende ontlasting, warm gevoel, dorst maar niet zoveel drinken. (colitis ulcerosa, Crohn) Hitte constipatie met droge feces, dik droog geel beslag, brandend gevoel anus. Qì stagnatie distentie abdomen, constipatie met keutels, geïrriteerd. Droogte droge stoel welke moeilijk passeert, droge mond Páng Guāng - Blaas: Damp-Hitte blaasontsteking; vaak en urgent urineren, brandend gevoel bij urineren, urineren is moeilijk, donker-geel urine (of als melk ), dik vet geel tongbeslag.

9 Notes on Terminology - Treatment Methods (incorrect gebruik van de term klaren ) On Clear Heat and Hitte Klaren. clear 3 <f3><ww.> clearing I<onov.ww.>0.1 helder worden opklaren <v.lucht> II <ov.ww.> 0.2 vrijmaken schoon maken 0.6 (laten) passeren <de douane> in/uitklaren. Als overgankelijk werkwoord: opruimen, vrij maken, wegnemen. (Source: Engels Nederlands van Dale Groot Woordenboek. Van Dale. ipad app Prisma Eng- Ned Woordenboek.) Thesaurus for clear: free, remove, get rid off, eliminate. (Source: ipad app Collins English Dictionary 30th Anniversary Version, 10th Edition 2009.) According to van Dale Groot Woordenboek van de Nederlandse Taal, Veertiende, herziene uitgave, j- r. Van Dale LexicograXie, klaren (klaarde, h. geklaard): 1 (overg.) helder maken, zuiveren van troebelheid. 2 (onoverg.) helder worden. 3 (overg.)(gew.) schoonmaken. 4 (overg.)(zee.) voor het gebruik gereed maken. 5 (overg.) in orde maken, in het reine brengen (wat moeilijk schijnt). 6 (overg.) in- of uitklaren: schepen, koopwaren. 7 (onoverg.) licht, helder worden According to the English sources the proper Dutch translation would be: elimineer Hitte, of verwijder Hitte. Because we re using cold/cool herbs, Hitte koelen could do also. With some imagination klaren could be used in the meaning of schoonmaken. However, in Dutch we do not quickly say: het schoonmaken van hitte. Hence, it is not recommended. Or more precise: we don t use the phrase Hitte klaren in the lessons of Chinese Herbal Medicine. In Chinese Herbal Medicine we use the term Hitte elimineren of Hitte koelen. However, Chinese names are preferred. In this case qīng rè. The character 清 qīng, to clear, describes action to eliminate heat. When it is applied to an organ name, the notion of heat is implicit. Thus 清 楚 肺 qīng fèi, clear the lung, means to eliminate lung heat (or Xire). (Source: Wiseman, N. and Feng Ye. Chinese Medical Chinese - Grammar and Vocabulary. Paradigm Publications, page ) The same for Release the Exterior. In Chinese Herbal Medicine we use het externe bevrijden. Not het externe klaren. On Wind Dispel Wind ( 袪 风 qū fēng): means to eliminate externally contracted Wind. Extinguish Wind ( 熄 风 xī fēng): means to eliminate Liver Wind. (Source: Wiseman, N. and Feng Ye. Chinese Medical Chinese - Grammar and Vocabulary. Paradigm Publications, page ) It is advised to read Section 5: Principles and Method of Treatment of the above- mentioned book, so correct and consistent explanation of terms will be used during the lessons.